Département Sport et Performance, Université de Franche-Comté, Laboratoire C3S (Culture Sport Santé Société; EA 4660), Besançon, France.
Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Unité de Physiologie de l'Exercice et des Activités en Conditions Extrêmes, Brétigny sur Orge, France.
Ergonomics. 2023 Dec;66(12):2012-2024. doi: 10.1080/00140139.2023.2177354. Epub 2023 Feb 10.
The study aimed to examine physiological responses of firefighters performing a firefighting simulation test (FST) and to determine the relationship between physical fitness parameters and FST performance. Aerobic fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and anaerobic capabilities were evaluated in 37 firefighters (21-profesionals and 16-volunteers firefighters). Furthermore, participants carried out the FST during which we measured performance, respiratory gas exchange, heart rate (HR), perceived exertion and blood lactate concentrations. Males were significantly faster than females for all tasks of the FST ( < 0.01); however, final performance score (16.5 ± 2.9 and 14.5 ± 2.6 points for males and females, respectively), HR (94.0 ± 2.0% and 93.7 ± 2.3% of HR) and perceived exertion (8.1 ± 0.9 and 7.1 ± 1.3) were not significantly different. Prediction of FST performance by LASSO regression revealed a model that included mainly aerobic capacity and maximal strength. In conclusion, FST challenged both aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolisms for both males and females and requires various physiological abilities to perform. For the safety of firefighters and victims, firefighters must meet minimum physical requirements. 37 firefighters performed physical tests and a new firefighting test implemented for the recruitment of firefighters in France. The results revealed that this test is strenuous and that performance is associated with cardiorespiratory fitness and muscular strength. : V̇O: oxygen consumption; V̇CO: carbon dioxyde production; V̇: expired ventilation; RER: respiratory exchange ratio; FST: firefighting simulation test; MAS: maximal aerobic speed; HR: heart rate; RPE: rating of perceived exertion; MVC: maximum voluntary contraction; IMTP: isometric mid-thigh pull; TTE: time to exhaustion; P: peak power; P: mean power; LASSO: least absolute shrinkage and selection operator; La-: blood lactate concentration.
本研究旨在探讨消防员在进行消防模拟测试（FST）时的生理反应，并确定体能参数与 FST 表现之间的关系。在 37 名消防员（21 名专业消防员和 16 名志愿消防员）中评估了有氧适能、肌肉力量、肌肉耐力和无氧能力。此外，参与者进行了 FST，在此期间我们测量了表现、呼吸气体交换、心率（HR）、感知用力和血乳酸浓度。男性在 FST 的所有任务中都明显快于女性（<0.01）；然而，最终表现得分（男性和女性分别为 16.5±2.9 和 14.5±2.6 分）、HR（HR 的 94.0±2.0%和 93.7±2.3%）和感知用力（8.1±0.9 和 7.1±1.3）没有显著差异。LASSO 回归预测 FST 表现的模型主要包括有氧能力和最大力量。总之，FST 对男性和女性的有氧和无氧能量代谢都构成了挑战，需要各种生理能力来完成。为了消防员和受害者的安全，消防员必须满足最低的身体要求。37 名消防员在法国进行了体能测试和一项新的消防测试，以招募消防员。结果表明，这项测试非常费力，表现与心肺适能和肌肉力量有关。:V̇O: 耗氧量;V̇CO: 二氧化碳产量;V̇: 呼气通气量;RER: 呼吸交换比;FST: 消防模拟测试;MAS: 最大有氧速度;HR: 心率;RPE: 感知用力等级;MVC: 最大自主收缩;IMTP: 等长大腿中部拉力;TTE: 疲劳时间;P: 峰值功率;P: 平均功率;LASSO: 最小绝对收缩和选择算子;La-: 血乳酸浓度。
