Brendan Saloner (
Wenshu Li, Foundation Medicine, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Health Aff (Millwood). 2023 Feb;42(2):187-196. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2022.00901.
People with substance use disorder (SUD) smoke cigarettes at a rate more than twice that of the general population. Policies and programs have focused on promoting smoking cessation among people with SUD, yet it is unclear whether interventions have adequately reached the subgroup involved in the criminal legal system, who have among the highest smoking rates. Drawing on repeated cross-sections of the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, we found that smoking rates declined by 9.4 percentage points overall among people with SUD from 2010 to 2019, but rates remained virtually unchanged among the subgroup with criminal legal involvement. In regression analyses focused on people with SUD, three-quarters of the excess smoking burden for those with criminal legal involvement at baseline (2010-13) was accounted for by controlling for sociodemographics, substance use type, health insurance, and recent SUD treatment. However, even after we controlled for these same factors, the disparity in smoking prevalence among people with SUD between those with and without criminal legal involvement remained constant over time. These findings underscore the need for smoking cessation interventions focused on the criminal legal system, including correctional facilities and SUD treatment programs that serve people in this population.
患有物质使用障碍（SUD）的人吸烟率是普通人群的两倍多。政策和计划一直致力于促进患有 SUD 的人群戒烟，但尚不清楚干预措施是否充分覆盖了涉及刑事法律系统的亚组人群，该人群的吸烟率最高。我们利用国家药物使用和健康调查的重复横断面数据发现，从 2010 年到 2019 年，患有 SUD 的人群的吸烟率总体下降了 9.4 个百分点，但具有刑事法律涉入的亚组人群的吸烟率几乎没有变化。在针对患有 SUD 的人群进行的回归分析中，有刑事法律涉入的人群在基线（2010-13 年）的吸烟负担的四分之三可以通过控制社会人口统计学因素、物质使用类型、医疗保险和最近的 SUD 治疗来解释。然而，即使我们控制了这些相同的因素，具有刑事法律涉入的和没有刑事法律涉入的患有 SUD 的人群之间的吸烟率差异在一段时间内仍然保持不变。这些发现强调了需要针对刑事法律系统开展戒烟干预措施，包括针对该人群的惩教设施和 SUD 治疗计划。
