Martin-Sanchez Fernando, Lázaro Martín, López-Otín Carlos, Andreu Antoni L, Cigudosa Juan Cruz, Garcia-Barbero Milagros
Department of Biomedical Informatics and Digital Health, National Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Department of Medical Oncology, University Hospital Complex of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
JMIR Med Educ. 2023 Feb 7;9:e43656. doi: 10.2196/43656.
Personalized precision medicine represents a paradigm shift and a new reality for the health care system in Spain, with training being fundamental for its full implementation and application in clinical practice. In this sense, health care professionals face educational challenges related to the acquisition of competencies to perform their professional practice optimally and efficiently in this new environment. The definition of competencies for health care professionals provides a clear guide on the level of knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to adequately carry out their professional practice. In this context, this acquisition of competencies by health care professionals can be defined as a dynamic and longitudinal process by which they use knowledge, skills, attitudes, and good judgment associated with their profession to develop it effectively in all situations corresponding to their field of practice.
This report aims to define a proposal of essential knowledge domains and common competencies for all health care professionals, which are necessary to optimally develop their professional practice within the field of personalized precision medicine as a fundamental part of the medicine of the future.
Based on a benchmark analysis and the input and expertise provided by a multidisciplinary group of experts through interviews and workshops, a new competency framework that would guarantee the optimal performance of health care professionals was defined. As a basis for the development of this report, the most relevant national and international competency frameworks and training programs were analyzed to identify aspects that are having an impact on the application of personalized precision medicine and will be considered when developing professional competencies in the future.
This report defines a framework made up of 58 competencies structured into 5 essential domains: determinants of health, biomedical informatics, practical applications, participatory health, and bioethics, along with a cross-cutting domain that impacts the overall performance of the competencies linked to each of the above domains. Likewise, 6 professional profiles to which this proposal of a competency framework is addressed were identified according to the area where they carry out their professional activity: health care, laboratory, digital health, community health, research, and management and planning. In addition, a classification is proposed by progressive levels of training that would be advisable to acquire for each competency according to the professional profile.
This competency framework characterizes the knowledge, skills, and attitudes required by health care professionals for the practice of personalized precision medicine. Additionally, a classification by progressive levels of training is proposed for the 6 professional profiles identified according to their professional roles.
个性化精准医疗代表着西班牙医疗保健系统的一种范式转变和新现实，培训对于其在临床实践中的全面实施和应用至关重要。从这个意义上讲，医疗保健专业人员面临着与获取能力相关的教育挑战，以便在这个新环境中最优且高效地开展专业实践。医疗保健专业人员能力的定义为充分开展其专业实践所需的知识、技能和态度水平提供了明确指导。在此背景下，医疗保健专业人员获取能力可被定义为一个动态且纵向的过程，通过该过程他们运用与其职业相关的知识、技能、态度和良好判断力，在与其执业领域对应的所有情况下有效发展其职业。
本报告旨在为所有医疗保健专业人员定义基本知识领域和共同能力的提案，这些对于在个性化精准医疗领域内最优地开展其专业实践是必要的，而个性化精准医疗是未来医学的重要组成部分。
基于基准分析以及多学科专家小组通过访谈和研讨会提供的意见和专业知识，定义了一个能确保医疗保健专业人员最优表现的新能力框架。作为本报告制定的基础，分析了最相关的国家和国际能力框架及培训项目，以确定对个性化精准医疗应用有影响且在未来制定专业能力时将被考虑的方面。
本报告定义了一个由58项能力构成的框架，这些能力被构建为五个基本领域：健康决定因素、生物医学信息学、实际应用、参与性健康和生物伦理学，以及一个贯穿各领域的领域，该领域影响与上述每个领域相关的能力的整体表现。同样，根据其开展专业活动的领域确定了该能力框架提案所适用的6种专业概况：医疗保健、实验室、数字健康、社区健康、研究以及管理与规划。此外，还根据专业概况为每项能力提出了按逐步提升的培训水平进行的分类建议。
此能力框架描述了医疗保健专业人员在个性化精准医疗实践中所需的知识、技能和态度。此外，还针对根据其专业角色确定的6种专业概况提出了按逐步提升的培训水平进行的分类。
