评估降低 SARS-CoV-2 感染引入养老院风险的政策。
Evaluating Policies to Decrease the Risk of Introducing SARS-CoV-2 Infections to Nursing Home Facilities.
机构信息
RTI International, Research Triangle, NC, USA.
出版信息
J Appl Gerontol. 2023 Jul;42(7):1505-1516. doi: 10.1177/07334648231155873. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
We used an individual-based microsimulation model of North Carolina to determine what facility-level policies would result in the greatest reduction in the number of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 entering the nursing home environment from 12/15/2021 to 1/3/2022 (e.g., Omicron variant surge). On average, there were 14,287 (Credible Interval [CI]: 13,477-15,147) daily visitors and 17,168 (CI: 16,571-17,768) HCW coming from the community into 426 nursing home facilities. Policies requiring a negative rapid test or vaccinated status for visitors resulted in the greatest reduction in the number of individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection entering the nursing home environment with a 29.6% (26.9%-32.0%) and 24.0% (CI: 22.2%-25.5%) reduction, respectively. Policies halving visits (21.2% [20.0%-28.2%]), requiring all vaccinated HCW to receive a booster (7.8% [CI: 7.4%-8.7%]), and limiting visitation to a primary visitor (6.5% [CI: 3.5%-9.7%]) reduced infectious contacts to a lesser degree.
我们使用北卡罗来纳州的个体基础微观模拟模型来确定哪些设施层面的政策将导致在 2021 年 12 月 15 日至 2022 年 1 月 3 日（例如，Omicron 变体激增）期间进入疗养院环境的 SARS-CoV-2 个体数量减少最多（例如，Omicron 变体激增）。平均而言，每天有 14287 名（置信区间[CI]：13477-15147）访客和 17168 名（CI：16571-17768）HCW 从社区进入 426 个疗养院设施。要求访客进行阴性快速检测或接种疫苗的政策导致进入疗养院环境的 SARS-CoV-2 感染人数减少最多，分别减少了 29.6%（26.9%-32.0%）和 24.0%（CI：22.2%-25.5%）。将访问量减半（21.2%[20.0%-28.2%]）、要求所有接种疫苗的 HCW 接受加强针（7.8%[CI：7.4%-8.7%]）和限制访问仅限于主要访客（6.5%[CI：3.5%-9.7%]）降低了传染性接触的程度较小。
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