Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-Copenhagen 2400 NV, Denmark.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2023 Apr 1;49(3):193-200. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.4080. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
This study aimed to quantify the risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission in spouses living with partners in at-risk occupations in Denmark during 2020-21.
Within a registry-based cohort of all Danish employees (N=2 451 542), we identified cohabiting couples, in which at least one member (spouse) held a job that according to a job exposure matrix entailed low risk of occupational exposure to SARS-CoV-2 (N=192 807 employees, 316 COVID-19 hospital admissions). Risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission in such spouses was assessed according to whether their partners were in jobs with low, intermediate or high risk for infection. Overall and sex-specific incidence rate ratios (IRR) of COVID-19-related hospital admission were computed by Poisson regression with adjustment for relevant covariates.
The risk of COVID-19-related hospital admission was increased among spouses with partners in high-risk occupations [adjusted IRR (IRR)1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1-2.2], but not intermediate-risk occupations (IRR 0.97 95% 0.8-1.3). IRR for having a partner in a high-risk job was elevated during the first three pandemic waves but not in the fourth (IRR 0.48 95% CI 0.2-1.5). Sex did not modify the risk of hospital admission.
SARS-CoV-2 transmission at the workplace may pose an increased risk of severe COVID-19 among spouses in low-risk jobs living with partners in high-risk jobs, which emphasizes the need for preventive measures at the workplace in future outbreaks of epidemic contagious disease. When available, effective vaccines seem essential.
本研究旨在量化 2020-21 年期间丹麦处于高风险职业的伴侣的配偶因 COVID-19 住院的风险。
在丹麦所有员工的基于登记的队列中（N=2 451 542），我们确定了同居夫妇，其中至少有一名成员（配偶）从事根据职业暴露矩阵风险较低的职业，可能接触 SARS-CoV-2（N=192 807 名员工，316 名 COVID-19 住院患者）。根据其伴侣的工作感染风险低、中或高，评估此类配偶因 COVID-19 住院的风险。使用泊松回归，根据相关协变量进行调整，计算 COVID-19 相关住院的总发病率比（IRR）和性别特异性发病率比（IRR）。
配偶的伴侣从事高风险职业时，COVID-19 相关住院的风险增加（调整后的 IRR（IRR）1.59，95%置信区间（CI）1.1-2.2），但从事中风险职业时没有增加（IRR 0.97 95% CI 0.8-1.3）。在前三波大流行中，从事高风险工作的伴侣的 IRR 较高，但在第四波中没有（IRR 0.48 95% CI 0.2-1.5）。性别并未改变住院的风险。
工作场所的 SARS-CoV-2 传播可能会使从事低风险工作的配偶与从事高风险工作的伴侣在一起时，因严重 COVID-19 的风险增加，这强调了在未来传染病爆发时需要在工作场所采取预防措施。在有条件的情况下，有效的疫苗似乎至关重要。
