Lomphithak Thanpisit, Fadeel Bengt
Division of Molecular Toxicology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
Toxicol Sci. 2023 Feb 8;192(2):141-54. doi: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad008.
Cell death is a fundamental biological process, and its fine-tuned regulation is required for life. However, the complexity of regulated cell death is often reduced to a matter of live-dead discrimination. Here, we provide a perspective on programmed or regulated cell death, focusing on apoptosis, pyroptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis (the latter three cell death modalities are examples of regulated necrosis). We also touch on other, recently described manifestations of (pathological) cell death including cuproptosis. Furthermore, we address how engineered nanomaterials impact on regulated cell death. We posit that an improved understanding of nanomaterial-induced perturbations of cell death may allow for a better prediction of the consequences of human exposure and could also yield novel approaches by which to mitigate these effects. Finally, we provide examples of the harnessing of nanomaterials to achieve cancer cell killing through the induction of regulated cell death.
细胞死亡是一个基本的生物学过程，生命需要对其进行精确调控。然而，调控性细胞死亡的复杂性常常被简化为一个区分生死的问题。在此，我们对程序性或调控性细胞死亡进行了阐述，重点关注凋亡、焦亡、坏死性凋亡和铁死亡（后三种细胞死亡方式是调控性坏死的例子）。我们还提及了其他最近描述的（病理性）细胞死亡表现形式，包括铜死亡。此外，我们探讨了工程纳米材料如何影响调控性细胞死亡。我们认为，更好地理解纳米材料引起的细胞死亡扰动，可能有助于更准确地预测人类接触纳米材料的后果，还可能产生减轻这些影响的新方法。最后，我们提供了利用纳米材料通过诱导调控性细胞死亡来杀死癌细胞的实例。
