Li Zhongshao, Cao Cuicui, Li Ming, Wang Lulu, Zhu Dandan, Xu Fang, Huang Aibin, Jin Ping, Yu Lili, Cao Xun
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2023 Feb 8. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c21188.
Vanadium dioxide (VO)-based smart windows show excellent promise for energy-saving and have been extensively researched. However, for the glass industry-compatible magnetron sputtering process, VO films are difficult to obtain and have homogeneous crystalline state, leaving them lacking the ideal solar modulation (Δ) and sensitivity (narrow hysteresis loop). More importantly, the instability of VO hinders its commercialization. Multilayer structures have been repeatedly investigated to solve these problems. Unfortunately, the mediocre thermochromic properties as well as the complex and expensive manufacturing steps still hinder its commercialization. In this work, we prepared gradient variation oxygen-content vanadium-oxygen composite films (VO/VO/VO, VO) with enhanced crystallinity and excellent durability by one-step continuous sputtering. According to optical measurements, the Δ of the VO films was significantly increased by 145% (from 6.85 to 16.80%) compared to VO films, and the width of the hysteresis loop was reduced by 67% (from 19.34 to 6.36 °C), while the VO films exhibited a wider preparation window. The accelerated tests have shown that the film has an equivalent service life of approximately 20 years. We exploited the intrinsic similarity in properties of homologous compounds of vanadium oxide and simplified the preparation process, which is supposed to break the existing application bottlenecks and increase the commercializing possibility of VO-based thermochromic smart windows.
基于二氧化钒（VO）的智能窗户在节能方面展现出了卓越的前景，并且已经得到了广泛的研究。然而，对于与玻璃工业兼容的磁控溅射工艺而言，VO薄膜难以获得且具有均匀的结晶状态，这使得它们缺乏理想的太阳调制率（Δ）和灵敏度（窄滞后回线）。更重要的是，VO的不稳定性阻碍了其商业化。多层结构已经被反复研究以解决这些问题。不幸的是，其 mediocre热致变色性能以及复杂且昂贵的制造步骤仍然阻碍着它的商业化。在这项工作中，我们通过一步连续溅射制备了具有增强结晶度和优异耐久性的梯度变化氧含量钒氧复合薄膜（VO/VO/VO，VO）。根据光学测量，与VO薄膜相比，VO薄膜的Δ显著提高了145%（从6.85%提高到16.80%），滞后回线宽度减小了67%（从19.34℃减小到6.36℃），同时VO薄膜展现出更宽的制备窗口。加速测试表明该薄膜具有约20年的等效使用寿命。我们利用了钒氧化物同源化合物在性质上的内在相似性并简化了制备工艺，这有望突破现有的应用瓶颈并增加基于VO的热致变色智能窗户的商业化可能性。
