Suskens Jozef J M, Tol Johannes L, Kerkhoffs Gino M M J, Maas Huub, van Dieën Jaap H, Reurink Gustaaf
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2023 Jun;33(6):954-965. doi: 10.1111/sms.14326. Epub 2023 Feb 16.
This study assessed activity distribution among the hamstring muscles during high-speed running. The objective was to compare within and between muscle activity, relative contribution and hip and knee joint angles at peak muscle activity during high-speed running.
Through multichannel electromyography, we measured muscle activity in male basketball players during high-speed running on a treadmill at 15 locations: five for biceps femoris long head, four for semitendinosus, and six for semimembranosus. Muscle activity was calculated for each location within each hamstring muscle individually for each percent of a stride cycle.
Twenty-nine non-injured basketball players were included (mean age: 17 ± 1 years; mass, 85 ± 9 kg; height, 193 ± 9 cm). Heterogeneous activity was found for all individual hamstring muscles across multiple events of the stride cycle. In the late-swing phase, muscle activity and relative contribution of the semimembranosus was significantly higher than of the semitendinosus. There was no significant difference in hip and knee joint angles at instant of peak muscle activity, assessed locally within individual hamstring muscles, as well as in general over the whole hamstring muscle.
Hamstring muscles were most active in the late-swing phase during high-speed running. In this phase, the semimembranosus was most active and the semitendinosus was least active. Within the biceps femoris long head, the most proximal region was significantly more active in the late-swing phase, compared to other muscle regions. For each muscle and location, peak muscle activity occurred at similar hip and knee joint angles.
本研究评估了高速跑步过程中腘绳肌的活动分布情况。目的是比较高速跑步过程中肌肉活动的内部和之间的差异、相对贡献以及肌肉活动峰值时的髋关节和膝关节角度。
通过多通道肌电图，我们在跑步机上对男性篮球运动员进行高速跑步时，在15个位置测量了肌肉活动：股二头肌长头5个位置，半腱肌4个位置，半膜肌6个位置。在每个步幅周期的每个百分比内，分别计算每条腘绳肌内每个位置的肌肉活动。
纳入了29名未受伤的篮球运动员（平均年龄：17±1岁；体重，85±9kg；身高，193±9cm）。在步幅周期的多个事件中，所有个体腘绳肌均发现了不均匀的活动。在摆动后期，半膜肌的肌肉活动和相对贡献明显高于半腱肌。在单个腘绳肌内局部评估以及整个腘绳肌总体评估时，肌肉活动峰值瞬间的髋关节和膝关节角度没有显著差异。
高速跑步过程中，腘绳肌在摆动后期最为活跃。在此阶段，半膜肌最活跃，半腱肌最不活跃。在股二头肌长头内，与其他肌肉区域相比，最近端区域在摆动后期明显更活跃。对于每块肌肉和每个位置，肌肉活动峰值出现在相似的髋关节和膝关节角度。
