Garza-Cadena Clarissa, Ortega-Rivera Daniela Marian, Machorro-García Gerson, Gonzalez-Zermeño Eloy Mauricio, Homma-Dueñas Diego, Plata-Gryl Maksymilian, Castro-Muñoz Roberto
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada, Sur 2501 Sur, Tecnológico, 64849 Monterrey, NL, Mexico.
Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Ciudad de México, Prol. Canal de Miramontes, Coapa, San Bartolo el Chico, Tlalpan, 14380 Ciudad de México, CDMX, Mexico.
Food Chem. 2023 Jul 1;413:135629. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135629. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
Currently, ginger is one the most consumed plants when dealing with the treatments of various illnesses. So far, it is known that various biologically active molecules, such as gingerols, shogaols and zingerone, among others, are the main responsible for specific biological activities, opening a new window for its utilization as a nutraceutical in foods. In pioneering extraction processes, solvent extraction has been initially used for these applications; however, the drawbacks of this typical extraction method compared with other emergent separation techniques make it possible for the exploration of new extraction pathways, including microwave, ultrasound, supercritical, subcritical and pressurized-assisted extraction, along with three phase partitioning, high-speed counter current chromatography and magnetic solid phase extraction. To the best of our knowledge, there is no report documenting the recent studies and cases of study in this field. Therefore, we comprehensively review the progress and the latest findings (over the last five years) on research developments, including patents and emerging extraction methods, aiming at the purification of biologically active molecules (gingerols, shogaols and zingerone) contained in ginger. Over the course of this review, particular emphasis is devoted to breakthrough strategies and meaningful outcomes in ginger components extraction. Finally, dosage and safety concerns related to ginger extracts are also documented.
目前，生姜是治疗各种疾病时最常食用的植物之一。到目前为止，已知各种生物活性分子，如姜辣素、姜酚和姜酮等，是其特定生物活性的主要原因，为其作为食品中的营养保健品的利用打开了一扇新窗口。在开创性的提取过程中，溶剂萃取最初被用于这些应用；然而，与其他新兴分离技术相比，这种典型提取方法的缺点使得探索新的提取途径成为可能，包括微波、超声、超临界、亚临界和加压辅助萃取，以及三相分配、高速逆流色谱和磁性固相萃取。据我们所知，没有报告记录该领域的最新研究和案例研究。因此，我们全面回顾了（过去五年）研究进展和最新发现，包括专利和新兴提取方法，旨在纯化生姜中含有的生物活性分子（姜辣素、姜酚和姜酮）。在本综述过程中，特别强调了生姜成分提取中的突破性策略和有意义的成果。最后，还记录了与生姜提取物相关的剂量和安全性问题。
