Fu Leilei, Li Zixiang, Ren Yueting, Yu Haiyang, Liu Bo, Qiu Yuling
Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerity faculty of medicine, University of Toronto, Canada.
Biochem Pharmacol. 2023 Mar;209:115449. doi: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115449. Epub 2023 Feb 7.
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) has been well-known to be closely associated with the abnormal expression of both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. Although several pathogenic mutations in TNBC have been identified, the current therapeutic strategy is usually aimed at symptom relief rather than correcting mutations in the DNA sequence. Of note, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) has been gradually regarded as a breakthrough gene-editing tool with potential therapeutic applications in human cancers, including TNBC. Thus, in this review, we focus on summarizing the molecular subtypes of TNBC, as well as the CRISPR system and its potential applications in TNBC treatment. Moreover, we further discuss several emerging strategies for utilizing the CRISPR/Cas system to aid in the precise diagnosis of TNBC, as well as the limitations of the CRISPR/Cas system. Taken together, these findings would demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas system is not only an effective genome editing tool in TNBC, but a promising strategy for the future therapeutic purposes.
三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）一直被认为与癌基因和肿瘤抑制因子的异常表达密切相关。尽管已经在TNBC中鉴定出了几种致病突变，但目前的治疗策略通常旨在缓解症状，而非纠正DNA序列中的突变。值得注意的是，成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）/CRISPR相关蛋白（Cas）已逐渐被视为一种突破性的基因编辑工具，在包括TNBC在内的人类癌症中具有潜在的治疗应用价值。因此，在本综述中，我们着重总结TNBC的分子亚型，以及CRISPR系统及其在TNBC治疗中的潜在应用。此外，我们还进一步讨论了利用CRISPR/Cas系统辅助TNBC精确诊断的几种新兴策略，以及CRISPR/Cas系统的局限性。综上所述，这些发现将表明CRISPR/Cas系统不仅是TNBC中一种有效的基因组编辑工具，也是未来治疗的一种有前景的策略。
