van Hattum Juliette C, Verwijs Sjoerd M, Boekholdt S Matthijs, Groenink Maarten, Planken R Nils, van Randen Adrienne, Nederveen Aart J, Moen Maarten H, Wijne Cornelis A C M, Daems Joelle J N, Velthuis Birgitta K, van de Sande Danny A J, Spee Ruud, de Vries Suzanna T, van der Veen Maurits J, Pinto Yigal M, Wilde Arthur A M, Jorstad Harald T
Cardiology, UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam UMC location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2023 Feb 3;9(1):e001505. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001505. eCollection 2023.
The cardiovascular benefits of physical exercise are well-known. However, vigorous exercise has also been associated with adverse cardiac effects. To improve our understanding of cardiovascular adaptation to exercise versus maladaptation and pathology, the limits of adaptation should be firmly established using state-of-the-art diagnostic modalities. We therefore initiated the Evaluation of Lifetime participation in Intensive Top-level sports and Exercise (ELITE) cohort to investigate the longitudinal (beneficial and pathological) cardiovascular effects of intensive elite sports and exercise.
ELITE is a prospective, multicentre, longitudinal cohort study. Elite athletes, from the age of sixteen, are recruited in The Netherlands. The primary objective is to determine the association between elite sports and exercise-induced cardiac remodelling, cardiac pathology, and health benefits over time. Secondary objectives include determining and identifying genetic profiles of elite athletes, and how these are associated with cardiac indices. ELITE will collect data from consultations, electrocardiography, echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, and training- and injury data. ELITE will also collect blood for biobanking and cardiogenetics. Follow-up will take place at intervals of two to five years, and after the elite athletes' professional careers have ended. In addition, a subcohort of ELITE has been established to investigate cardiac sequelae following infections associated with myocardial involvement, including SARS-CoV-2. ELITE is a prospective observational study; therefore, analyses will be primarily explorative.
This study has been approved by the Medical Ethics Review Board of the Amsterdam University Medical Centers (NL71682.018.19). The results of the study will be disseminated by publication in peer-reviewed journals (Netherlands Trial Register number: NL9328).
体育锻炼对心血管系统的益处广为人知。然而，剧烈运动也与不良心脏效应有关。为了更好地理解心血管系统对运动的适应性与适应不良及病理状态，应使用先进的诊断方法明确适应的限度。因此，我们启动了“精英运动员终身参与高强度顶级运动与锻炼评估（ELITE）队列研究”，以调查高强度精英运动与锻炼对心血管系统的纵向（有益和病理）影响。
ELITE是一项前瞻性、多中心、纵向队列研究。在荷兰招募16岁及以上的精英运动员。主要目的是确定精英运动与锻炼引起的心脏重塑、心脏病理变化以及随时间推移的健康益处之间的关联。次要目的包括确定和识别精英运动员的基因特征，以及这些特征与心脏指标的关联。ELITE将收集会诊、心电图、超声心动图、心脏磁共振成像以及训练和损伤数据。ELITE还将采集血液用于生物样本库和心脏遗传学研究。随访将每两到五年进行一次，并在精英运动员的职业生涯结束后进行。此外，ELITE已设立一个亚队列，以调查与心肌受累相关的感染（包括SARS-CoV-2）后的心脏后遗症。ELITE是一项前瞻性观察性研究；因此，分析将主要是探索性的。
本研究已获得阿姆斯特丹大学医学中心医学伦理审查委员会的批准（NL71682.018.19）。研究结果将通过在同行评审期刊上发表进行传播（荷兰试验注册编号：NL9328）。
