Department of General Practice, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Institute of Medical Education Research Rotterdam, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
BMC Med Educ. 2023 Feb 9;23(1):103. doi: 10.1186/s12909-023-04064-z.
An increase in the demand for general practitioners is expected in many countries, but only a minority of medical students consider a career in general practice. More detailed and up-to-date knowledge about medical student's perception of general practice would be helpful for efforts to encourage medical students to consider a career in general practice.
We performed a cross-sectional single center survey among Dutch medical students to evaluate their perception of general practice at three different stages in their study: Ba1: first-year bachelor students; Ba3: third-year bachelor students; Ma3: third-year master students. The impact of different factors on their attitudes and perceptions was quantified. A multivariate logistic regression was performed with 'interest in general practice' as the outcome variable.
The median age for Ba1 was 18 (IQR: 18-19) and 71.5% were female, for Ba3 the median age was 20 (IQR: 20-21) and 70.6% were female and for Ma3 the median age was 25 years (IQR: 24-26) and 73.3% were female. On average, 31.2% of the respondents had a migration background. The mean response rate for this study was 77.1%. Of the participating Ba1 students (n = 340) only 22.4% considered working as a GP after medical school; for Ba3 students (n = 231) this percentage was 33.8%, and for Ma3 students (n = 210) it was significantly higher at 70.5%; in the final multivariate model this corresponded to an odds ratio (OR) of 4.3 (95%-CI:2.6-6.9) compared to Ba1 students. The strongest predictor in the final model was the opinion that general practice provides a pleasant working environment (OR 9.5; 95%-CI: 6.2-14.5).
This study showed that multiple factors are significantly related to medical students' interest in general practice. Although students believed that general practice does not have a high status within the medical profession, they acknowledged the social importance and the pleasant working environment of general practice. Knowledge obtained in this study can be used when designing a medical curriculum or a general practice course.
预计许多国家对全科医生的需求将会增加，但只有少数医学生考虑从事全科医学职业。更多关于医学生对全科医学认知的详细和最新知识将有助于鼓励医学生考虑从事全科医学职业。
我们在荷兰的一所医学中心对医学生进行了横断面单中心调查，以评估他们在学习的三个不同阶段对全科医学的看法：Ba1：一年级本科生；Ba3：三年级本科生；Ma3：三年级硕士生。量化了不同因素对他们态度和认知的影响。将“对全科医学的兴趣”作为因变量进行多变量逻辑回归分析。
Ba1 的中位数年龄为 18 岁（IQR：18-19），71.5%为女性，Ba3 的中位数年龄为 20 岁（IQR：20-21），70.6%为女性，Ma3 的中位数年龄为 25 岁（IQR：24-26），73.3%为女性。平均而言，31.2%的受访者有移民背景。本研究的平均应答率为 77.1%。在参与的 Ba1 学生（n=340）中，只有 22.4%的人考虑在医学院毕业后从事全科医生工作；对于 Ba3 学生（n=231），这一比例为 33.8%，而对于 Ma3 学生（n=210），这一比例明显更高，为 70.5%；在最终的多变量模型中，这相当于与 Ba1 学生相比，优势比（OR）为 4.3（95%CI：2.6-6.9）。最终模型中的最强预测因子是认为全科医学提供了一个愉快的工作环境（OR 9.5；95%CI：6.2-14.5）。
本研究表明，多种因素与医学生对全科医学的兴趣显著相关。尽管学生们认为全科医学在医学专业中地位不高，但他们承认全科医学的社会重要性和工作环境的愉悦性。在设计医学课程或全科医学课程时，可以利用本研究获得的知识。
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