中国湖南大学生高血压患病率及其与心血管危险因素的关联
Prevalence of Hypertension and Its Association with Cardiovascular Risk Factors in College Students in Hunan, China.
作者信息
Li Mingpeng, Cui Xiaorui, Meng Yanbin, Cheng Mengli, He Jinsong, Yuan Wei, Ni Jing, Liu Jianping
机构信息
Department of Cardiovascular, Chenzhou No. 1 People's Hospital, Chenzhou, People's Republic of China.
The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiangnan University, Chenzhou, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
Int J Gen Med. 2023 Feb 3;16:411-423. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S379957. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
Although the prevalence of hypertension has been well studied in middle age and elderly populations, few studies have systematically investigated the prevalence of hypertension and its association with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors in young populations.
OBJECTIVE
This study examined the prevalence of hypertension in college students and its correlation with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular risk factors, such as neck circumference and body mass index (BMI).
METHODS
This population-based study recruited a total of 1719 students (723 were junior, 502 were sophomore, and 494 were freshman), including 996 males (average age: 20.8 years) and 723 females (average age: 20.4 years). Hypertension was defined by the 2018 revised edition of the Chinese Guidelines for Prevention and Treatment of Hypertension. Blood and pulse pressure were measured using standard protocols. Circulating levels of lipids, glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin (GHb), leptin, and adiponectin were determined using standard methods. The Chi-squared (χ) test was used for comparison of significant differences between groups. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to explore risk factors that significantly influence hypertension.
FINDINGS
The prevalence of hypertension was 10.59% in the total cohort, and sophomores had a higher prevalence of hypertension than freshmen and juniors (χ = 19.372; P < 0.001). In addition, male students had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension (10.24%) and abnormal pulse pressure (8.13%) than female students (1.4% and 0.83%) (χ = 327.424, P < 0.001 for high SBP and χ = 60.49, P < 0.001 for high DBP, respectively). Correlation analysis revealed that hypertension was significantly correlated with neck circumference and BMI (r = 0.509, P < 0.001; r = 0.474, P < 0.001), but not significantly correlated with the other parameters examined.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of hypertension in college students is closely correlated with two obesity indicators, neck circumference and BMI.
背景
尽管高血压在中年和老年人群中的患病率已得到充分研究，但很少有研究系统地调查年轻人群中高血压的患病率及其与心血管和脑血管危险因素的关联。
目的
本研究调查大学生高血压的患病率及其与心血管和脑血管危险因素（如颈围和体重指数（BMI））的相关性。
方法
这项基于人群的研究共招募了1719名学生（723名大三学生、502名大二学生和494名大一学生），其中包括996名男性（平均年龄：20.8岁）和723名女性（平均年龄：20.4岁）。高血压根据《2018年中国高血压防治指南》修订版定义。采用标准方案测量血压和脉压。使用标准方法测定血脂、血糖、糖化血红蛋白（GHb）、瘦素和脂联素的循环水平。采用卡方（χ）检验比较组间的显著差异。使用线性和逻辑回归分析来探索显著影响高血压的危险因素。
结果
总队列中高血压的患病率为10.59%，大二学生的高血压患病率高于大一和大三学生（χ = 19.372；P < 0.001）。此外，男生高血压患病率（10.24%）和异常脉压患病率（8.13%）显著高于女生（分别为1.4%和0.83%）（χ = 327.424，收缩压升高时P < 0.001；χ = 60.49，舒张压升高时P < 0.001）。相关性分析显示，高血压与颈围和BMI显著相关（r = 0.509，P < 0.001；r = 0.474，P < 0.001），但与其他检测参数无显著相关性。
结论
大学生高血压的患病率与两个肥胖指标颈围和BMI密切相关。
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