Hess N
Friern Hospital, London, UK.
Br J Med Psychol. 1987 Sep;60(3):209-15. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1987.tb02733.x.
The experience of ageing and the resulting emotional difficulties of elderly patients have only recently begun to be understood from a psychodynamic perspective. This paper draws on two sources, literary (Shakespeare's King Lear) and clinical (consultations with elderly patients in primary care) to highlight a fundamental anxiety of old age: the dread of being abandoned to a state of utter helplessness. This state is felt to be caused by the catastrophes of old age, such as stroke and dementia. The defence against this anxiety is often a narcissistic tyranny.
衰老的经历以及老年患者由此产生的情感困扰，直到最近才开始从心理动力学的角度得到理解。本文借鉴了两个来源，文学作品（莎士比亚的《李尔王》）和临床案例（与基层医疗中老年患者的会诊），以突出老年的一种基本焦虑：对被遗弃到完全无助状态的恐惧。这种状态被认为是由老年的灾难，如中风和痴呆症所导致的。针对这种焦虑的防御往往是一种自恋式的专横。
