Winter D, Gournay K
Psychology Department, Napsbury Hospital, Hertfordshire, UK.
Br J Med Psychol. 1987 Sep;60(3):233-44. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8341.1987.tb02736.x.
A formulation of agoraphobia is presented in personal construct theory terms. It is hypothesized that the construing of agoraphobics and their spouses is characterized by low cognitive awareness of constructs concerning interpersonal conflict and lack of tenderness; by dilemmas in which the ability to go out implies possible infidelity; and by low self-esteem in the agoraphobic and high self-esteem in their spouse. Evidence in support of these hypotheses is provided by a repertory grid study comparing agoraphobics, non-agoraphobic neurotics, spouses of both client groups, and normal subjects. Features of construing of agoraphobic and spouse are shown to be predictive of the agoraphobic's response to behaviour therapy, and therapeutic improvement to be associated with some reconstruction in the above areas. The role of mutual validation of constructions between agoraphobic and spouse in the maintenance of agoraphobic behaviour is discussed, as are implications for the treatment of agoraphobia.
本文从个人建构理论的角度阐述了广场恐惧症。研究假设，广场恐惧症患者及其配偶的建构特点表现为：对人际冲突和缺乏温情的建构认知意识较低；存在两难困境，即外出的能力意味着可能的不忠；广场恐惧症患者自尊较低，而其配偶自尊较高。一项比较广场恐惧症患者、非广场恐惧症神经症患者、两组患者的配偶以及正常受试者的 repertory grid 研究，为这些假设提供了支持证据。研究表明，广场恐惧症患者及其配偶的建构特征可预测广场恐惧症患者对行为疗法的反应，且治疗改善与上述领域的一些重构有关。文中讨论了广场恐惧症患者与其配偶之间建构的相互验证在维持广场恐惧症行为中的作用，以及对广场恐惧症治疗的启示。
