Yin Yanan, Li Mengtong, Tao Xiaohui, Yang Chao, Zhang Wenrong, Li Haichao, Zheng Yucong, Wang Xiaochang, Chen Rong
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; International S&T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource, Environment and Ecology, MOE, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, No. 13 Yanta Road, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 May 1;333:117464. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117464. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
Fungal degradation of cellulose is a key step in the conversion of organic matter in composting. This study investigated the effects of adding 10% biochar (including, prepared from corn stalk and rape stalk corresponding to CSB and RSB) on organic matter transformation in composting and determined the role of cellulase and fungal communities in the conversion of organic matter. The results showed that biochar could enhance the conversion of organic matter, especially in RSB treatment. Biochar could increase cellulase activity, and RSB could enhance 33.78% and 30.70% the average activity of cellulase compared with the control and CSB treatments in the mesophilic to thermophilic phase, respectively. The results of high throughput sequencing demonstrated that Basidiomycota dominant in mesophilic phase, and Ascomycota dominant in other phases of composting. The redundancy analysis showed that Alternaria, Thermomycees, Aspergillus, Wallemia, and Melanocarpus might be the key fungi for the degradation of organic matter, and Fusarium, Penicillium, and Scopulariopsis may promote the conversion of organic matter. Network showed that the addition of RSB changed the interactions between fungal communities and organic matter transformation, and RSB treatment enriched members of Ascomycota related to organic matter transformation and cellulase activity. These results indicated that RSB improved organic matter conversion by enhancing the role of cellulase and fungal communities.
真菌对纤维素的降解是堆肥过程中有机物转化的关键步骤。本研究调查了添加10%生物炭（包括由玉米秸秆和油菜秸秆制备的生物炭，分别对应CSB和RSB）对堆肥过程中有机物转化的影响，并确定了纤维素酶和真菌群落在有机物转化中的作用。结果表明，生物炭可以促进有机物的转化，尤其是在RSB处理中。生物炭可以提高纤维素酶活性，在嗜温至嗜热阶段，与对照和CSB处理相比，RSB分别可提高纤维素酶平均活性33.78%和30.70%。高通量测序结果表明，担子菌门在嗜温阶段占主导地位，而子囊菌门在堆肥的其他阶段占主导地位。冗余分析表明，链格孢属、嗜热霉菌属、曲霉属、威克海姆酵母属和黑孢菌属可能是有机物降解的关键真菌，而镰刀菌属、青霉属和帚霉属可能促进有机物的转化。网络分析表明，添加RSB改变了真菌群落与有机物转化之间的相互作用，RSB处理富集了与有机物转化和纤维素酶活性相关的子囊菌门成员。这些结果表明，RSB通过增强纤维素酶和真菌群落的作用来改善有机物转化。
