Sports Medicine Center, Orthopedics Institute, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO; Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Department of Orthopedics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Department of Family Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO.
Wilderness Environ Med. 2023 Jun;34(2):182-186. doi: 10.1016/j.wem.2022.12.002. Epub 2023 Feb 8.
The primary aim of the study was to compare select training and health characteristics between ultramarathon and shorter distance runners participating in a trail race series.
A questionnaire was sent to all participants who signed up for a trail race series, including distances of 10 km, half marathon, 50 km, 80.5 km (50 mi), and 100 km. There were 59 participants (27 ultramarathoners and 32 half marathon/10-km runners) who completed the questionnaire. We compared the training and health characteristics between groups using t tests and Fisher exact tests.
There were no significant differences in reported history of stress fracture (15% vs 9%; P=0.70) or sleep quality scores (4.4 vs 5.5; P=0.15) between the ultramarathon and half marathon/10-km groups. Over half of both groups reported trying to change body weight to improve performance, without significant differences between groups (65% vs 53%; P=0.42). A significantly greater proportion of the ultramarathoners reported an episode of binge eating in the 4 wk preceding the race (38% vs 3%; P=0.001).
Despite differences in training volume, we did not find different injury, sleep, and nutrition data between the ultramarathoners and half marathon/10-km runners, with the exception of more ultramarathoners reporting binging behaviors in the 4 wk leading up to the race. Screening for eating disorder behaviors should be considered in distance runners, particularly ultrarunners.
本研究的主要目的是比较参加越野系列赛的超长距离跑者和较短距离跑者在训练和健康特征方面的差异。
我们向参加越野系列赛的所有报名者发送了一份问卷，比赛距离包括 10 公里、半程马拉松、50 公里、80.5 公里（50 英里）和 100 公里。共有 59 名参与者（27 名超长距离跑者和 32 名半程马拉松/10 公里跑者）完成了问卷。我们使用 t 检验和 Fisher 确切检验比较了两组之间的训练和健康特征。
在报告的应力性骨折病史（15%对 9%；P=0.70）或睡眠质量评分（4.4 对 5.5；P=0.15）方面，超长距离跑者和半程马拉松/10 公里跑者之间没有显著差异。两组中有一半以上的人报告试图通过改变体重来提高成绩，两组之间没有显著差异（65%对 53%；P=0.42）。在比赛前 4 周，有显著更多的超长距离跑者报告出现暴食行为（38%对 3%；P=0.001）。
尽管训练量存在差异，但我们没有发现超长距离跑者和半程马拉松/10 公里跑者在损伤、睡眠和营养数据方面存在差异，除了有更多的超长距离跑者在比赛前 4 周报告暴食行为。应该考虑对长跑运动员，特别是超长距离跑者进行饮食障碍行为的筛查。
