Abbasi Muhammad Ali, Nosheen Misbah, Rahman Hafeez Ur
Department of Economics, Hazara University, Mansehra, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2023 Apr;30(17):49270-49289. doi: 10.1007/s11356-023-25548-x. Epub 2023 Feb 11.
Present climate change consists of global warming that is caused by the emission of greenhouse gases, generally carbon dioxide. The study examines the pollution haven, pollution halo, and environmental Kuznets curve for a number of Asian countries during the period of 1985 to 2020. Outcomes suggest that urbanization, gross domestic product per capita, energy consumption, and foreign direct investment inflow have positive effects, while gross domestic product square, foreign direct investment square, and tourism have negative effects on emissions of carbon dioxide. Furthermore, findings support the validity of the environmental Kuznets curve, pollution haven, and pollution halo hypothesis for the selected Asian countries. We also find robust results of rationality of the environmental Kuznets curve hypothesis for Pakistan, Bangladesh, India, China, Indonesia, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Vietnam, and Singapore; of pollution haven hypothesis for Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Japan, Pakistan, and Singapore; and of pollution halo hypothesis for Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, Japan, Pakistan, and Singapore.
当前的气候变化是由温室气体排放，通常是二氧化碳排放导致的全球变暖。该研究考察了1985年至2020年期间一些亚洲国家的污染避难所、污染光环和环境库兹涅茨曲线。结果表明，城市化、人均国内生产总值、能源消耗和外国直接投资流入具有积极影响，而国内生产总值平方、外国直接投资平方和旅游业对二氧化碳排放具有负面影响。此外，研究结果支持所选亚洲国家的环境库兹涅茨曲线、污染避难所和污染光环假说的有效性。我们还发现，巴基斯坦、孟加拉国、印度、中国、印度尼西亚、韩国、日本、马来西亚、越南和新加坡的环境库兹涅茨曲线假说合理性的稳健结果；孟加拉国、中国、印度尼西亚、日本、巴基斯坦和新加坡的污染避难所假说的稳健结果；以及孟加拉国、中国、印度尼西亚、日本、巴基斯坦和新加坡的污染光环假说的稳健结果。
