Hospital de Especies Menores y Silvestres, Universidad Nacional de Costa Rica, Heredia, Costa Rica.
Laboratorio de Helmintología, Facultad de Microbiología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica.
Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 10;13(1):2402. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-28585-1.
Prosthenorchis elegans is a worm of the family Archiacanthocephala that infects non-human primates in the Americas, producing an intestinal pathology that may compromise the life of its hosts. Squirrel monkeys, Saimiri oerstedii citrinellus, were found with P. elegans in Costa Rica. Histopathological analysis revealed a severe pyogranulomatous response composed by macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, fibroblasts and lymphocytes. Morphological worm analyses revealed 36 hooks in the proboscis distributed in six rows; and total body, hook and lemnisci length were compatible to the original descriptions of P. elegans. In addition, phylogenetic, haplotype network and genetic distance analyses were done on cytochrome oxidase subunit 1, cox1, sequences obtained from the collected specimens. Sequences obtained herein clustered separately with high posterior probabilities in a Bayesian Inference tree and showed 8.12% nucleotide differences when compared to P. elegans from Colombia. This high divergence was confirmed in the TCS network that separated Colombian and Costa Rican sequences by 32 mutational steps, a genetic distance PCA which separated sequences from both geographical locations by 89.5% and an F value of 0.655, indicating the presence of cryptic diversity in P. elegans. Additional studies from specimens collected from other definitive hosts and geographical locations are required to better understand the biodiversity of this species.
细长原巨肠吻虫是棘头动物门原巨吻科的一种寄生虫，感染美洲的非人类灵长类动物，导致宿主的肠道病理变化，可能危及宿主生命。在哥斯达黎加发现了感染细长原巨肠吻虫的松鼠猴。组织病理学分析显示，严重的化脓性肉芽肿反应由巨噬细胞、中性粒细胞、嗜酸性粒细胞、成纤维细胞和淋巴细胞组成。形态学分析显示，吻部有 36 个钩，分布在 6 排；虫体全长、钩和 Lemnisci 长度与细长原巨肠吻虫的原始描述一致。此外，还对从采集的标本中获得的细胞色素氧化酶亚单位 1（cox1）序列进行了系统发育、单倍型网络和遗传距离分析。本研究获得的序列在贝叶斯推断树中与高后验概率聚类，并与来自哥伦比亚的细长原巨肠吻虫相比显示出 8.12%的核苷酸差异。在 TCS 网络中也证实了这种高分化，该网络将哥伦比亚和哥斯达黎加的序列分开了 32 个突变步骤，PCA 分析将来自两个地理位置的序列分开了 89.5%，F 值为 0.655，表明细长原巨肠吻虫存在隐生多样性。需要从其他终宿主和地理区域采集标本进行进一步研究，以更好地了解该物种的生物多样性。
