Januszewicz Wladyslaw, Turkot Maryla Helena, Malfertheiner Peter, Regula Jaroslaw
Department of Oncological Gastroenterology, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Clinical Oncology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Jan 21;15(3):664. doi: 10.3390/cancers15030664.
Gastric cancer (GC) remains the fifth most common cancer and the third most common cause of cancer-related death globally. In 2022, GC fell into the scope of the updated EU recommendations for targeted cancer screening. Given the growing awareness of the GC burden, we aimed to review the existing screening strategies for GC in high-risk regions and discuss potentially applicable modalities in countries with low-to-intermediate incidence.
The references for this Review article were identified through searches of PubMed with the search terms "gastric cancer", "stomach cancer", "Helicobacter pylori", and "screening" over the period from 1995 until August 2022.
As ()-induced gastritis is the primary step in the development of GC, the focus on GC prevention may be directed toward testing for and treating this infection. Such a strategy may be appealing in countries with low- and intermediate- GC incidence. Other biomarker-based approaches to identify at-risk individuals in such regions are being evaluated. Within high-incidence areas, both primary endoscopic screening and population-based "test-and-treat" strategies represent cost-effective models.
Given the significant variations in GC incidence and healthcare resources around the globe, screening strategies for GC should be adjusted to the actual conditions in each region. While several proven tools exist for accurate GC diagnosis, a universal modality for the screening of GC populations remains elusive.
胃癌（GC）仍是全球第五大常见癌症和第三大癌症相关死亡原因。2022年，胃癌被纳入欧盟更新后的癌症靶向筛查建议范围。鉴于对胃癌负担的认识不断提高，我们旨在回顾高风险地区现有的胃癌筛查策略，并讨论在中低发病率国家可能适用的筛查方式。
通过在PubMed上搜索1995年至2022年8月期间的关键词“胃癌”、“ 胃癌”、“幽门螺杆菌”和“筛查”来确定本综述文章的参考文献。
由于（）引起的胃炎是胃癌发展的第一步，胃癌预防的重点可能是检测和治疗这种感染。这种策略在胃癌发病率中低的国家可能很有吸引力。目前正在评估其他基于生物标志物的方法来识别这些地区的高危个体。在高发病率地区，初级内镜筛查和基于人群的“检测和治疗”策略都是具有成本效益的模式。
鉴于全球胃癌发病率和医疗资源存在显著差异，胃癌筛查策略应根据每个地区的实际情况进行调整。虽然有几种经过验证的工具可用于准确诊断胃癌，但用于筛查胃癌人群的通用方式仍然难以捉摸。
