Szabó István, Makkai István, Máté Péter, Molnár Tamás, Swam Hanny, von Berg Stephan, Holtkamp Derald J, Glávits Róbert, Szabó István, Ózsvári László, Búza László
Enviroscience, Ltd., H-2115 Vácszentlászló, Hungary.
Intervet Hungaria Kft., H-1095 Budapest, Hungary.
Animals (Basel). 2023 Feb 3;13(3):542. doi: 10.3390/ani13030542.
Ileitis is a wasting disease of pigs. Clinical symptoms are diarrhea in growing pigs, wasting and reduced performance. Ileitis is ubiquitous in pig producing countries all around the world. It is estimated that the economic losses caused by the disease are USD 4.65 per fattening pig, and American pig farmers lose USD 56.1 million annually. It has become necessary to develop a slaughterhouse ileitis monitoring method that is simple, feasible to perform at modern slaughter lines, leads to immediate results and is cost effective. The practical experiences of applying the method are presented below.
Our studies were performed on pig herds and slaughterhouses in Central European countries (Hungary, Romania, Poland, Croatia, and Slovakia). Experiences were evaluated based on visual and palpation. The results of our investigations were evaluated by a scoring method. Authors made histological and immunohistochemical examinations of investigated ileums. The hypothetic economic losses due to the disease in each farm were determined by estimating the loss of profit according to Holtkamp's presentation in 2019.
The essentials of the method we have developed are: it can be performed during slaughterhouse processing, it does not interfere with or make it impossible to carry out normal technological processes, and the results of the procedure are correlated with the results of other laboratory diagnostic tests for ileitis (histology, immunohistochemistry, herd serology, fecal PCR). It is noteworthy that the results of the method can be used to immediately estimate the impact of infection on the performance of the herd from which the slaughter animals come.
Using the results of the slaughtered pigs' visual and tactile examination at the slaughterhouse, the magnitude of the loss caused by infection can be estimated quickly and accurately, and the return on investment of the strategy to be applied can be accurately planned.
回肠炎是猪的一种消耗性疾病。临床症状表现为生长猪腹泻、消瘦及生产性能下降。回肠炎在全球养猪国家普遍存在。据估计，该病给每头育肥猪造成的经济损失为4.65美元，美国养猪户每年损失5610万美元。因此，开发一种在现代屠宰线上操作简单、可行、能迅速得出结果且成本效益高的屠宰场回肠炎监测方法很有必要。以下介绍应用该方法的实际经验。
我们在中欧国家（匈牙利、罗马尼亚、波兰、克罗地亚和斯洛伐克）的猪群和屠宰场开展研究。基于肉眼观察和触诊评估经验。通过评分方法评估我们的调查结果。作者对所调查的回肠进行了组织学和免疫组化检查。根据Holtkamp在2019年的报告，通过估计利润损失来确定每个农场因该病造成的假设性经济损失。
我们开发的方法要点如下：可在屠宰场加工过程中进行，不干扰或不影响正常工艺流程，该程序的结果与回肠炎的其他实验室诊断测试（组织学、免疫组化、群体血清学、粪便PCR）结果相关。值得注意的是，该方法的结果可用于立即评估感染对屠宰动物来源猪群生产性能的影响。
利用屠宰场对屠宰猪的肉眼和触觉检查结果，可快速准确地估计感染造成的损失规模，并能准确规划所应用策略的投资回报率。
