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选定具有血液学表现的罕见疾病中的新型分子疗法和遗传图谱:文献复习。

Novel Molecular Therapies and Genetic Landscape in Selected Rare Diseases with Hematologic Manifestations: A Review of the Literature.

机构信息

Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, A. Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.

Student Scientific Society of Independent Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostics, Medical University of Lublin, A. Gębali 6, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.

出版信息

Cells. 2023 Jan 30;12(3):449. doi: 10.3390/cells12030449.

DOI:10.3390/cells12030449
PMID:36766791
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9913931/
Abstract

Rare diseases affect less than 1 in 2000 people and are characterized by a serious, chronic, and progressive course. Among the described diseases, a mutation in a single gene caused mastocytosis, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, Gaucher disease, and paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (, , , and genes, respectively). In Castleman disease, improper , , , , and genes cause the appearance of symptoms. In histiocytosis, several mutation variants are described: , , , , , , , , , and . Genes like , , , , , , , , , , , , and are possible reasons for hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. Among novel molecular medicines, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, mTOR inhibitors, BRAF inhibitors, interleukin 1 or 6 receptor antagonists, monoclonal antibodies, and JAK inhibitors are examples of drugs expanding therapeutic possibilities. An explanation of the molecular basis of rare diseases might lead to a better understanding of the pathogenesis and prognosis of the disease and may allow for the development of new molecularly targeted therapies.

摘要

罕见病影响不到 2000 人中的 1 人,其特征为严重、慢性且进行性病程。在已描述的疾病中,单个基因突变引起肥大细胞增多症、血栓性血小板减少性紫癜、戈谢病和阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿(分别为 、 、 、 和 基因)。在 Castleman 病中,不当的 、 、 、 、 和 基因导致症状出现。在组织细胞增多症中,描述了几种突变变体: 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 和 。 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 、 和 等基因可能是噬血细胞性淋巴组织细胞增多症的原因。在新型分子药物中,酪氨酸激酶抑制剂、mTOR 抑制剂、BRAF 抑制剂、白细胞介素 1 或 6 受体拮抗剂、单克隆抗体和 JAK 抑制剂是扩大治疗可能性的药物示例。对罕见病分子基础的解释可能会导致更好地了解疾病的发病机制和预后,并可能允许开发新的分子靶向治疗方法。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e1ca/9913931/61e1761ce820/cells-12-00449-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e1ca/9913931/3c620a8a02be/cells-12-00449-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e1ca/9913931/61e1761ce820/cells-12-00449-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e1ca/9913931/3c620a8a02be/cells-12-00449-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/e1ca/9913931/61e1761ce820/cells-12-00449-g002.jpg

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J Pediatr Hematol Oncol. 2021 Aug 1;43(6):203-210. doi: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000002178.
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