Centro de Investigaciones Odontológicas, Facultad de Odontología, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia.
Unidad de Investigación en Proteómica y Micosis Humanas, Departamento de Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá D.C. 110231, Colombia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 18;20(3):1740. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031740.
Periodontitis has been commonly linked to periodontopathogens categorized in Socransky's microbial complexes; however, there is a lack of knowledge regarding "other microorganisms" or "cryptic microorganisms", which are rarely thought of as significant oral pathogens and have been neither previously categorized nor connected to illnesses in the oral cavity. This study hypothesized that these cryptic microorganisms could contribute to the modulation of oral microbiota present in health or disease (periodontitis and/or obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients). For this purpose, the presence and correlation among these cultivable cryptic oral microorganisms were identified, and their possible role in both conditions was determined. Data from oral samples of individuals with or without periodontitis and with or without OSA were obtained from a previous study. Demographic data, clinical oral characteristics, and genera and species of cultivable cryptic oral microorganisms identified by MALDI-TOF were recorded. The data from 75 participants were analyzed to determine the relative frequencies of cultivable cryptic microorganisms' genera and species, and microbial clusters and correlations tests were performed. According to periodontal condition, dental-biofilm-induced gingivitis in reduced periodontium and stage III periodontitis were found to have the highest diversity of cryptic microorganism species. Based on the experimental condition, these findings showed that there are genera related to disease conditions and others related to healthy conditions, with species that could be related to different chronic diseases being highlighted as periodontitis and OSA comorbidities. The cryptic microorganisms within the oral microbiota of patients with periodontitis and OSA are present as potential pathogens, promoting the development of dysbiotic microbiota and the occurrence of chronic diseases, which have been previously proposed to be common risk factors for periodontitis and OSA. Understanding the function of possible pathogens in the oral microbiota will require more research.
牙周炎通常与索兰斯基微生物复合体中分类的牙周病原体有关；然而，对于“其他微生物”或“隐匿微生物”，人们知之甚少，它们通常不被认为是重要的口腔病原体，以前既没有分类，也没有与口腔疾病联系起来。本研究假设这些隐匿微生物可能有助于调节健康或疾病（牙周炎和/或阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者）中存在的口腔微生物群。为此，鉴定了这些可培养的隐匿口腔微生物的存在和相关性，并确定了它们在这两种情况下的可能作用。从以前的研究中获得了患有或不患有牙周炎和患有或不患有 OSA 的个体的口腔样本数据。记录了人口统计学数据、临床口腔特征以及通过 MALDI-TOF 鉴定的可培养隐匿口腔微生物的属和种。对 75 名参与者的数据进行了分析，以确定可培养隐匿微生物属和种的相对频率，并进行了微生物簇和相关性测试。根据牙周状况，在减少的牙周组织中发现牙菌斑诱导的牙龈炎和牙周炎 III 期具有最多的隐匿微生物种多样性。根据实验条件，这些发现表明存在与疾病状况相关的属和与健康状况相关的属，突出了与不同慢性疾病相关的物种，这些物种可能与牙周炎和 OSA 共病有关。牙周炎和 OSA 患者口腔微生物群中的隐匿微生物作为潜在病原体存在，促进了失调微生物群的发展和慢性疾病的发生，这些先前被认为是牙周炎和 OSA 的共同危险因素。了解口腔微生物群中可能病原体的功能需要更多的研究。
