School of Medicine, Federal University of Cariri (UFCA), Barbalha 60430-160, Brazil.
Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 18;20(3):1747. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031747.
(1) Objective: The objective was to analyze the development of psychiatric pathologies/burnout syndrome and their possible risk factors in teachers in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. (2) Methods: A qualitative systematic review was carried out, according to the PRISMA protocol, in the PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases using a combination of the following descriptors [MeSH]: "mental health", "mental disorders'', "covid-19" and "school teachers''. Articles selected were written in English, Portuguese and Spanish, published between November 2019 and December 2022. (3) Results: The most common psychiatric pathologies were generalized anxiety disorders and depression. Burnout syndrome was also quite prevalent. Of the 776 articles identified, 42 were selected after applying the eligibility criteria. Although there is variability among the analyzed studies, the risk factors most correlated with increased morbidity in teachers were: (i) being female; (ii) age below the fifth decade of life; (iii) pre-existence of chronic or psychiatric illnesses before the pandemic; (iv) difficulty in adapting to the distance education model; (v) family/work conflicts; (vi) negative symptoms caused by the pandemic. (4) Conclusions: Therefore, the COVID-19 impact on mental health appears to be more common in female teachers in their fifth decade of life and with pre-existing psychiatric comorbidities. However, prospective studies are needed to better map this situation.
(1) 目的：分析 COVID-19 大流行背景下教师的精神病理/倦怠综合征的发展及其可能的危险因素。(2) 方法：根据 PRISMA 协议，在 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库中进行了定性系统评价，使用了以下组合描述词 [MeSH]：“心理健康”、“精神障碍”、“covid-19”和“学校教师”。选择的文章用英语、葡萄牙语和西班牙语撰写，发表时间在 2019 年 11 月至 2022 年 12 月之间。(3) 结果：最常见的精神病理是广泛性焦虑障碍和抑郁。倦怠综合征也很常见。在确定的 776 篇文章中，经过资格标准筛选后，有 42 篇被选中。尽管分析研究之间存在差异，但与教师发病率增加最相关的危险因素是：(i) 女性；(ii) 年龄低于第五个十年；(iii) 大流行前存在慢性或精神疾病；(iv) 难以适应远程教育模式；(v) 家庭/工作冲突；(vi) 大流行带来的负面症状。(4) 结论：因此，COVID-19 似乎对女性教师在第五个十年和有预先存在的精神合并症的心理健康影响更常见。然而，需要前瞻性研究来更好地描绘这种情况。
