School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Research Center of New Urbanization and Land Problem, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 18;20(3):1772. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031772.
The quality of human settlement environment (HSE) is related to people's well-being. Since the implementation of the Western Development Strategy and the Grain to Green Program, the HSE in northern Shaanxi has undergone a major transformation. In order to explore the evolution pattern and seek a coordinated development strategy for all systems in the whole region, this paper, from the perspective of "production-living-ecological", evaluates the HSE niche breadth of northern Shaanxi based on the ecological niche theory, analyzes its spatial differentiation characteristics, and identifies the development barrier factors, with the help of ArcGIS spatial analysis tools and the barrier degree model. It is found that: from 2000 to 2020, (1) the niche breadth of HSE in northern Shaanxi is high in the north and low in the south, showing obvious spatial unevenness; (2) the development of transportation promotes the improvement of HSE, but also intensifies the spatial unevenness, and the uncoordinated development rate of transportation and production and living systems has seriously restricted the further development of HSE; (3) the niche breadth of the ecosystem for each county is much lower than that of the production and living systems, and the ecological environment becomes the short board of the improvement of HSE in northern Shaanxi. Based on the patterns and problems found in the study, this paper proposes a strategy to improve the HSE of northern Shaanxi by prioritizing the balanced development of production, living systems, and transportation, strictly implementing the concept of ecological priority, dynamically adjusting the hierarchy of policies, vigorously optimizing the industrial layout, and focusing on the joint improvement of the human settlement environment in the whole region. This study expands the theories and evaluation methods of HSE to a certain extent, and the results have guiding values for promoting the sustainable development of HSE in northern Shaanxi and even the whole Loess Plateau region.
人居环境质量与人的福祉息息相关。自西部大开发战略和退耕还林还草工程实施以来，陕北的人居环境发生了重大转变。为了探索其演变规律，寻求全区各系统协调发展的战略，本文从“生产-生活-生态”的角度，基于生态位理论评价陕北人居环境生态位宽度，分析其空间分异特征，借助 ArcGIS 空间分析工具和障碍度模型，识别发展障碍因素。结果表明：2000-2020 年，（1）陕北人居环境生态位宽度呈现南高北低的分布特征，空间分异明显；（2）交通发展促进了人居环境的改善，但也加剧了空间分异，交通与生产生活系统发展的不协调严重制约了人居环境的进一步发展；（3）各县生态系统的生态位宽度明显低于生产生活系统，生态环境成为陕北人居环境改善的短板。基于研究发现的模式和问题，本文提出了以生产生活系统和交通均衡发展为优先，严格执行生态优先理念，动态调整政策层次，大力优化产业布局，聚焦全区人居环境协同改善的策略，以提高陕北的人居环境质量。本研究在一定程度上拓展了人居环境质量的理论和评价方法，研究结果对促进陕北乃至整个黄土高原地区人居环境的可持续发展具有指导意义。
