School of Economics and Management, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
The Center for Economic Research, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 19;20(3):1853. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20031853.
The carbon market is an effective market for reducing greenhouse gas emissions; however, the existence of carbon leakage affects the emissions reduction effect of the carbon market. Using the multiregional input-output (MRIO) model and the difference-in-differences (DID) methodology, this study examined whether the chemical, building materials, or metals industries in China's pilot carbon market have caused carbon leakage, the extent of the carbon leakage, and the areas to which the industries with carbon leakage have transferred their carbon emissions. The results showed that the pilot carbon market caused carbon leakage in the chemical, building materials, and metal industries. The building materials industry had the most serious carbon leakage, followed by the chemical industry, and the metal industry was the weakest. In addition, regardless of the industry, most of the areas affected by carbon leakage were concentrated in regions with relatively backward economic development and weak in-place environmental regulations, such as in the central and western regions. Compared with the other pilot areas, Guangdong was the area most likely to be affected by carbon leakage from other pilot areas. This study provides new evidence for the existence of carbon leakage in China's pilot carbon market from an industrial perspective.
碳市场是减少温室气体排放的有效市场；然而，碳泄漏的存在影响了碳市场的减排效果。本研究采用多区域投入产出（MRIO）模型和双重差分（DID）方法，检验了中国试点碳市场中的化工、建筑材料或金属行业是否造成了碳泄漏、碳泄漏的程度以及碳泄漏行业转移其碳排放的地区。结果表明，试点碳市场导致化工、建筑材料和金属行业出现碳泄漏。建筑材料行业的碳泄漏最为严重，其次是化工行业，金属行业最弱。此外，无论行业如何，受碳泄漏影响的地区大多集中在经济发展相对落后、就地环境法规薄弱的地区，如中西部地区。与其他试点地区相比，广东是最有可能受到其他试点地区碳泄漏影响的地区。本研究从产业角度为中国试点碳市场存在碳泄漏提供了新证据。
