School of Kinesiology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518000, China.
School of Kinesiology, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai 200438, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 27;20(3):2241. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032241.
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an effective method for improving sports/exercise performance in humans. However, studies examining the effects of tDCS on jumping performance have reported inconsistent findings, and there is a paucity of studies investigating the effects of tDCS on lower limb energy and kinetics in countermovement jumps (CMJs). Thus, we investigated the effects of tDCS on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance and analysed kinetic variations in the ankle, knee, and hip joints.
In total, 15 healthy young participants randomly received anodal or sham bilateral stimulation of the primary motor cortex (M1). The bilateral tDCS (Bi-tDCS) montage used an intensity of 2 mA for a 20 min monophasic continuous current. Jump height, energy, and lower limb kinetic data in CMJs were collected at pre-stimulation (Pre), post-0 min (Post-0), and post-30 min (Post-30) using a motion capture system and two 3D force plates. Jump height, lower extremity energy, and kinetic variables in CMJs were analysed with two-way repeated-measures ANOVA.
(1) Compared to the baseline and sham conditions, the jump height increased except that at Post-30 relative to the sham condition, and the total net energy of lower limbs increased at Post-30 relative to the baseline. (2) Compared to the baseline, the ankle positive energy and net energy decreased in the sham condition; Compared to the baseline and values at Post-0, the maximum ankle torque at Post-30 decreased in both stimulation conditions. (3) The maximum knee power increased compared to the baseline and sham conditions. (4) Regardless of time points, the maximum hip torque in the tDCS condition was higher than it was in the sham condition.
Bi-tDCS is an effective method for improving jump height by modulating ankle and knee net energy. The net energy improvement of the lower extremities may be due to variation in the kinetic chain resulting from tDCS-enhanced knee exploration force and maximum hip strength in CMJs. The effects of Bi-tDCS gradually decrease.
经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是一种提高人体运动/运动表现的有效方法。然而，研究经颅直流电刺激对跳跃表现的影响的研究报告结果不一致，并且很少有研究调查经颅直流电刺激对反跳跳跃（CMJ）中下肢能量和动力学的影响。因此，我们研究了经颅直流电刺激对反跳跳跃（CMJ）性能的影响，并分析了踝关节、膝关节和髋关节的动力学变化。
共有 15 名健康年轻参与者随机接受双侧刺激初级运动皮层（M1）的阳极或假刺激。双 tDCS（Bi-tDCS）的刺激模式使用 2 mA 的强度进行 20 分钟单相连续电流。使用运动捕捉系统和两个 3D 力板在刺激前（Pre）、刺激后 0 分钟（Post-0）和刺激后 30 分钟（Post-30）收集 CMJ 的跳跃高度、能量和下肢动力学数据。使用双向重复测量方差分析分析 CMJ 中的跳跃高度、下肢能量和动力学变量。
（1）与基线和假条件相比，跳跃高度增加，除了在假条件下的 Post-30 相对基线，下肢总净能在 Post-30 相对基线增加。（2）与基线相比，在假条件下，踝关节正能和净能减少；与基线和 Post-0 相比，在刺激条件下，踝关节的最大扭矩在 Post-30 下降。（3）最大膝关节功率增加，与基线和假条件相比。（4）无论时间点如何，tDCS 条件下的最大髋关节扭矩均高于假条件。
Bi-tDCS 是一种通过调节踝关节和膝关节净能来提高跳跃高度的有效方法。下肢净能的提高可能是由于经颅直流电刺激增强了膝关节探索力和 CMJ 中最大髋关节强度，从而导致运动链的变化。Bi-tDCS 的效果逐渐减弱。
