Faculty of Applied Social Sciences and Resocialization, Warsaw University, 26/28 Krakowskie Przedmieście Str., 00-927 Warsaw, Poland.
Clinic of Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 45/47 Ziołowa Str., 40-635 Katowice, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 27;20(3):2245. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032245.
The study was carried out one year after the establishment of the pandemic state in the European Union (EU), the situation at the end of the next wave of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland. The survey was conducted on a representative sample of Polish people using Computer Assisted Web Interviewing (CAWI), considering several demographic categories, such as sex, age, place of residence, education, and monthly income. The survey's main objective was to find out whether the respondents feel fear related to pandemics and living in a pandemic, and if so, what the psychological and physiological symptoms of this fear are. Half of the respondents (50.2%) declared that they felt fear about what their life would look like after the pandemic, and every tenth person (10.1%) marked the highest level of fear on the scale. The respondents felt the psychological symptoms of the pandemic much more often than they felt the physical ones. The most common psychological symptoms were fear of the future (38.5% of them gave "often" and "very often" responses, together), despondency (29.2% of them gave "often" and "very often" responses), and mental tension (28.9% of them gave "often" and "very often" responses). A detailed analysis of data from representative studies showed that the responses in a pandemic are strongly determined by demographic categories, mainly sex and age, and they differ depending on the social group to which a person belongs.
该研究是在欧盟（EU）宣布大流行状态一年后，以及波兰下一波 COVID-19 大流行结束时进行的。该调查使用计算机辅助网络访谈（CAWI）在波兰人民的代表性样本中进行，考虑了几个人口统计学类别，如性别、年龄、居住地、教育程度和月收入。调查的主要目的是了解受访者是否感到与大流行相关的恐惧以及在大流行期间的生活，如果是这样，这种恐惧的心理和生理症状是什么。一半的受访者（50.2%）表示，他们对大流行后自己的生活感到恐惧，每十分之一的人（10.1%）在量表上标记出最高水平的恐惧。受访者感到大流行的心理症状比身体症状更频繁。最常见的心理症状是对未来的恐惧（38.5%的人给出“经常”和“非常经常”的回答），沮丧（29.2%的人给出“经常”和“非常经常”的回答），以及精神紧张（28.9%的人给出“经常”和“非常经常”的回答）。对代表性研究数据的详细分析表明，大流行期间的反应强烈取决于人口统计学类别，主要是性别和年龄，并且因个人所属的社会群体而异。
