The Water Institute at UNC, Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 166 Rosenau Hall, 135 Dauer Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7431, USA.
BioResource Systems Research Group, School of Civil Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Feb 2;20(3):2668. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20032668.
The study investigated the effect of turning frequency on survival of fecal indicator pathogens (, spp., spp. and helminth eggs) during fecal sludge (FS) co-composting with sawdust. Dewatered FS was mixed with sawdust and composted on a pilot scale using different turning frequencies-i.e., 3 days (3TF), 7 days (7TF), and 14 days (14TF). Composting piles were monitored weekly for survival of fecal indicator microorganisms and evolution of selected physical and chemical characteristics for 14 weeks. Our results show that turning frequency has a statistically significant ( < 0.05) effect on pathogen inactivation in FS compost. The 3TF piles exhibited shorter pathogen inactivation periods (8 weeks) than 7TF and 14TF piles (10 weeks). Temperature-time was found to be the major factor responsible for the survival of pathogens in FS composting piles, followed by indigenous microbial activities and toxic by-products (monitored as NH-N). Our study findings suggest that even at low composting temperatures, the high turning frequency can enhance pathogen inactivation. This is a significant finding for composting activities in some rural areas where suitable organic solid waste for co-composting with FS to attain the recommended high thermophilic conditions could be greatly lacking.
该研究调查了在粪便污泥（FS）与木屑共堆肥过程中，翻堆频率对粪便指示病原体（粪肠球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、和蠕虫卵）存活的影响。脱水 FS 与木屑混合，并在中试规模上使用不同的翻堆频率进行堆肥，即 3 天（3TF）、7 天（7TF）和 14 天（14TF）。每周监测堆肥堆中粪便指示微生物的存活情况以及选定物理化学特性的演变，共 14 周。我们的研究结果表明，翻堆频率对 FS 堆肥中病原体失活有统计学上显著的影响（<0.05）。3TF 堆的病原体失活期（8 周）比 7TF 和 14TF 堆（10 周）短。发现温度-时间是导致 FS 堆肥堆中病原体存活的主要因素，其次是土著微生物活动和有毒副产物（监测为 NH-N）。我们的研究结果表明，即使在较低的堆肥温度下，高翻堆频率也可以增强病原体失活。对于一些农村地区的堆肥活动来说，这是一个重要的发现，因为这些地区可能非常缺乏适合与 FS 共堆肥的有机固体废物来达到推荐的高温好氧条件。
