Department of General Internal Medicine 3, Kawasaki Medical School General Medical Center, Okayama 700-0821, Japan.
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 18;24(3):1925. doi: 10.3390/ijms24031925.
Heart failure (HF) is becoming an increasingly common issue worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, making its prevention an important clinical goal. The criteria evaluated using non-invasive modalities such as coronary artery calcification, the ankle-brachial index, and carotid intima-media thickness have been proven to be effective in determining the relative risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Notably, risk assessments using these modalities have been proven to be superior to the traditional risk predictors of cardiovascular disease. However, the ability to assess HF risk has not yet been well-established. In this review, we describe the clinical significance of such non-invasive modalities of atherosclerosis assessments and examine their ability to assess HF risk. The predictive value could be influenced by the left ventricular ejection fraction. Specifically, when the ejection fraction is reduced, its predictive value increases because this condition is potentially a result of coronary artery disease. In contrast, using these measures to predict HF with a preserved ejection fraction may be difficult because it is a heterogeneous condition. To overcome this issue, further research, especially on HF with a preserved ejection fraction, is required.
心力衰竭（HF）在全球范围内变得越来越常见，并且与显著的发病率和死亡率相关，因此预防心力衰竭成为了一个重要的临床目标。已经证明，使用非侵入性方法评估的标准，如冠状动脉钙化、踝臂指数和颈动脉内膜中层厚度，可以有效地确定动脉粥样硬化性心血管疾病的相对风险。值得注意的是，这些方法的风险评估已被证明优于传统的心血管疾病风险预测因素。然而，评估 HF 风险的能力尚未得到很好的建立。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这些动脉粥样硬化评估的非侵入性方法的临床意义，并研究了它们评估 HF 风险的能力。预测价值可能受到左心室射血分数的影响。具体来说，当射血分数降低时，其预测价值增加，因为这种情况可能是冠状动脉疾病的结果。相比之下，使用这些指标来预测射血分数保留的心力衰竭可能比较困难，因为这是一种异质性的情况。为了克服这个问题，需要进一步的研究，特别是针对射血分数保留的心力衰竭。
