State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China.
Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement for Low & Middle Yangtze Valley, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences of Jiangsu, Yangzhou 225007, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jan 30;24(3):2593. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032593.
Stomata are microscopic pores on the plant epidermis that serve as a major passage for the gas and water exchange between a plant and the atmosphere. The formation of stomata requires a series of cell division and cell-fate transitions and some key regulators including transcription factors and peptides. Monocots have different stomatal patterning and a specific subsidiary cell formation process compared with dicots. Cell-to-cell symplastic trafficking mediated by plasmodesmata (PD) allows molecules including proteins, RNAs and hormones to function in neighboring cells by moving through the channels. During stomatal developmental process, the intercellular communication between stomata complex and adjacent epidermal cells are finely controlled at different stages. Thus, the stomata cells are isolated or connected with others to facilitate their formation or movement. In the review, we summarize the main regulation mechanism underlying stomata development in both dicots and monocots and especially the specific regulation of subsidiary cell formation in monocots. We aim to highlight the important role of symplastic connection modulation during stomata development, including the status of PD presence at different cell-cell interfaces and the function of relevant mobile factors in both dicots and monocots.
气孔是植物表皮上的微小孔隙，是植物与大气之间进行气体和水分交换的主要通道。气孔的形成需要一系列的细胞分裂和细胞命运转变，以及一些关键的调节因子，包括转录因子和肽。与双子叶植物相比，单子叶植物具有不同的气孔模式和特定的附属细胞形成过程。胞间质通过胞间连丝（PD）进行的细胞间对称运输，允许包括蛋白质、RNA 和激素在内的分子通过通道在相邻细胞中发挥作用。在气孔发育过程中，气孔复合体和相邻表皮细胞之间的细胞间通讯在不同阶段都受到精细的控制。因此，气孔细胞被隔离或与其他细胞相连，以促进它们的形成或移动。在综述中，我们总结了双子叶植物和单子叶植物中气孔发育的主要调控机制，特别是单子叶植物中附属细胞形成的特定调控。我们旨在强调在气孔发育过程中胞质连接调节的重要作用，包括不同细胞-细胞界面上 PD 的存在状态以及相关移动因子在双子叶植物和单子叶植物中的功能。
