Department of Cardiac, Thoracic, Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy.
Centro Dipartimentale di Biologia Cellulare Cardiorespiratoria, Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Medica, Molecolare e dell'Area Critica, Università degli Studi di Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Feb 3;24(3):2966. doi: 10.3390/ijms24032966.
Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) found in the circulation and body fluids contain biomolecules that could be used as biomarkers for lung and other diseases. EVs from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) might be more informative of lung abnormalities than EVs from blood, where information might be diluted. To compare EVs' characteristics in BAL and blood in smokers with and without COPD. Same-day BAL and blood samples were obtained in 9 nonsmokers (NS), 11 smokers w/o COPD (S), and 9 with COPD (SCOPD) (FEV1: 59 ± 3% pred). After differential centrifugation, EVs (200-500 nm diameter) were identified by flow cytometry and labeled with cell-type specific antigens: CD14 for macrophage-derived EVs, CD326 for epithelial-derived EVs, CD146 for endothelial-derived EVs, and CD62E for activated-endothelial-derived EVs. In BAL, CD14-EVs were increased in S compared to NS [384 (56-567) vs. 172 (115-282) events/μL; = 0.007] and further increased in SCOPD [619 (224-888)] compared to both S ( = 0.04) and NS ( < 0.001). CD326-EVs were increased in S [760 (48-2856) events/μL, < 0.001] and in SCOPD [1055 (194-11,491), < 0.001] when compared to NS [15 (0-68)]. CD146-EVs and CD62E-EVs were similar in the three groups. In BAL, significant differences in macrophage and epithelial-derived EVs can be clearly detected between NS, S and SCOPD, while these differences were not found in plasma. This suggests that BAL is a better medium than blood to study EVs in lung diseases.
细胞衍生的细胞外囊泡（EVs）存在于循环和体液中，其中包含的生物分子可用作肺部和其他疾病的生物标志物。支气管肺泡灌洗液（BAL）中的 EVs 可能比血液中的 EVs 更能反映肺部异常，因为血液中的信息可能会被稀释。本研究旨在比较吸烟者伴或不伴 COPD 时 BAL 和血液中 EVs 的特征。在 9 名非吸烟者（NS）、11 名无 COPD 的吸烟者（S）和 9 名 COPD 吸烟者（SCOPD）中同时采集 BAL 和血液样本（FEV1：59 ± 3%预测值）。经差速离心后，采用流式细胞术鉴定 EVs（200-500nm 直径），并用细胞类型特异性抗原进行标记：巨噬细胞衍生 EVs 用 CD14 标记，上皮衍生 EVs 用 CD326 标记，内皮衍生 EVs 用 CD146 标记，活化的内皮衍生 EVs 用 CD62E 标记。与 NS 相比，S 中 CD14-EVs 增加[384（115-567）vs. 172（115-282）个/μL； = 0.007]，SCOPD 中进一步增加[619（224-888）]，与 S（ = 0.04）和 NS（ < 0.001）相比均增加。S 中 CD326-EVs 增加[760（48-2856）个/μL， < 0.001]，SCOPD 中进一步增加[1055（194-11491）]，与 NS 相比差异均有统计学意义[15（0-68）]。三组间 CD146-EVs 和 CD62E-EVs 无明显差异。在 BAL 中，NS、S 和 SCOPD 之间可明显检测到巨噬细胞和上皮衍生 EVs 的差异，而在血浆中未发现这种差异。这表明 BAL 是研究肺部疾病中 EVs 的更好介质。
