卡介苗接种预防新型冠状病毒肺炎的疗效：随机对照试验的系统评价与荟萃分析

Efficacy of BCG Vaccination against COVID-19: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

作者信息

Wen Jiayu, Liu Quanxian, Tang Daoyan, He Jian-Qing

机构信息

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

出版信息

J Clin Med. 2023 Feb 1;12(3):1154. doi: 10.3390/jcm12031154.

Beneficial off-target effects of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination might offer general protection from respiratory tract infections. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to ascertain BCG vaccination effectiveness against COVID-19. We looked up English RCTs from 1 January 2019 to 15 November 2022 in Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Web of Science in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Nine RCTs, including 7963 participants, were included. The infection rate of COVID-19 was not decreased in people who were vaccinated with BCG (OR, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.82-1.13; I = 4%), and the BCG vaccination group did not have decreased COVID-19 related-hospitalization (OR, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.37-1.18; I = 42%), admission to the ICU (OR, 0.25; 95% CI, 0.05-1.18; I = 0%), and mortality (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.17-2.44; I = 0%) compared with the control group. There is not sufficient evidence to support the use of BCG vaccination in the prevention of COVID-19 infection and severe COVID-19 and avoid overstating the role of BCG vaccination leading to its misuse.

卡介苗（BCG）接种有益的非靶向效应可能为呼吸道感染提供全面保护。我们对已发表的随机对照试验（RCT）进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定卡介苗接种对2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的有效性。在这项系统评价和荟萃分析中，我们在Embase、Cochrane图书馆和科学网中检索了2019年1月1日至2022年11月15日的英文随机对照试验。纳入了9项随机对照试验，包括7963名参与者。接种卡介苗的人群中COVID-19感染率未降低（比值比[OR]，0.96；95%置信区间[CI]，0.82 - 1.13；I² = 4%），与对照组相比，卡介苗接种组的COVID-19相关住院率（OR，0.66；95% CI，0.37 - 1.18；I² = 42%）、入住重症监护病房（ICU）率（OR，0.25；95% CI，0.05 - 1.18；I² = 0%）和死亡率（OR，0.64；95% CI，0.17 - 2.44；I² = 0%）均未降低。没有足够的证据支持使用卡介苗接种来预防COVID-19感染和重症COVID-19，避免夸大卡介苗接种的作用导致其滥用。