Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri, 601 S. College Avenue, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Sweetwater Science Laboratories, Glasgow, MO 65264, USA.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 17;28(3):920. doi: 10.3390/molecules28030920.
Adulteration of food products is a widespread problem of great concern to society and dairy products are no exception to this. Due to new methods of adulteration being devised in order to circumvent existing detection methods, new detection methods must be developed to counter fraud. Bovine hard cheeses such as Asiago, Parmesan, and Romano are widely sold and consumed in pre-grated form for convenience. Due to being processed products, there is ample opportunity for the introduction of inexpensive adulterants and as such, there is concern regarding the authenticity of these products. An analytical method was developed using a simple organic extraction to verify the authenticity of bovine hard cheese products by examining the lipid profile of these cheeses via proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. In this study, 52 samples of pre-grated hard cheese were analyzed as a market survey and a significant number of these samples were found to be adulterated with vegetable oils. This method is well suited to high throughput analysis of these products and relies on ratiometrics of the lipids in the samples themselves. Genuine cheeses were found to have a very consistent lipid profile from sample to sample, improving the power of this approach to detect vegetable oil adulteration. The method is purely ratiometric with no need for internal or external references, reducing sample preparation time and reducing the potential for the introduction of error.
食品掺假是一个社会普遍关注的严重问题，奶制品也不例外。由于为了规避现有的检测方法而设计了新的掺假方法，因此必须开发新的检测方法来打击欺诈行为。为了方便起见，Asiago、 Parmesan 和 Romano 等牛奶奶酪通常以预先磨碎的形式广泛销售和食用。由于是加工产品，因此有很多机会引入廉价的掺杂物，因此人们对这些产品的真实性表示关注。本研究开发了一种使用简单有机提取的分析方法，通过质子核磁共振（NMR）光谱检查这些奶酪的脂质谱，来验证牛奶奶酪产品的真实性。通过对 52 个预先磨碎的硬奶酪样本进行市场调查，发现其中相当一部分样本被植物油掺假。这种方法非常适合这些产品的高通量分析，并且依赖于样品中脂质的相对比例。从一个样本到另一个样本，真正的奶酪的脂质谱非常一致，从而提高了这种方法检测植物油掺假的能力。该方法完全是相对比的，不需要内部或外部参考，减少了样品制备时间，并减少了引入误差的可能性。
