Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Higher Technical School of Industrial Engineering, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid. C/ José Gutiérrez Abascal 2, 28006 Madrid, Spain.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 24;28(3):1153. doi: 10.3390/molecules28031153.
The evaluation of sustainable solvents as alternatives to more harmful conventional solvents combined with intensification techniques to recover phenolic compounds from agri-food waste is in the spotlight. The wine industry generates large amounts of waste as a consequence of grape processing operations, which can be revalued by solvent extraction of valuable antioxidants for food and fine chemical applications. Therefore, the present study focuses on the use of natural eutectic solvents (NAESs) with benign environmental, health, and safety profiles, for valorization of grape waste in the context of a circular economy. Herein, up to 15 NAESs consisting of combinations of three hydrogen bond acceptors (choline chloride, L-proline, and betaine) and four hydrogen bond donors (1,2-propanediol, glycerol, and 1,2- and 1,3-butanediol) were evaluated for antioxidant recovery. After an initial screening of the performance of NAESs by conventional extraction, the process was intensified by microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The extracts were analyzed by UV/VIS spectrophotometric and HPLC methods. Promising results were obtained with the solvent betaine, 1,2-butanediol [1:4], using MAE at 100 °C for 3 min. Overall, the proposed NAESs-based MAE method was successfully applied to recover target compounds from grape waste, with great prospects for the antioxidants market and sustainable development for the winery sector.
评估可持续溶剂作为更有害的传统溶剂的替代品，结合强化技术，从农业食品废物中回收酚类化合物，这是当前的研究热点。葡萄酒行业由于葡萄加工操作会产生大量的废物，但这些废物可以通过溶剂萃取具有食品和精细化学品应用价值的抗氧化剂来重新利用。因此，本研究侧重于使用具有良好环境、健康和安全特性的天然共晶溶剂（NAESs），以在循环经济的背景下对葡萄废物进行增值利用。本文评估了由三种氢键受体（氯化胆碱、L-脯氨酸和甜菜碱）和四种氢键供体（1,2-丙二醇、甘油以及 1,2-和 1,3-丁二醇）组成的多达 15 种 NAES 用于抗氧化剂回收。在通过常规萃取对 NAES 性能进行初步筛选后，通过微波辅助萃取（MAE）对该过程进行强化。通过 UV/VIS 分光光度法和 HPLC 方法对提取物进行分析。使用 MAE 在 100°C 下处理 3 分钟，溶剂甜菜碱和 1,2-丁二醇[1:4]表现出了很有前景的结果。总体而言，所提出的基于 NAES 的 MAE 方法成功地应用于从葡萄废物中回收目标化合物，为抗氧化剂市场和葡萄酒行业的可持续发展提供了广阔的前景。
