Painting Department, University of Granada, Avenida de Andalucía 27, 18014 Granada, Spain.
Institut Universitari de Restauració del Patrimoni, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 27;28(3):1235. doi: 10.3390/molecules28031235.
Hispano-Muslim culture flourished during the Middle Ages in the Iberian Peninsula and Balearic Islands. During the restoration of a Balearic nobiliary building (), several panels with polychrome decoration on the back side were found. They were part of an old Muslim wooden ceiling (). A multi-technique strategy including optical microscopy, infrared and μRaman spectroscopies, field emission scanning electron microscopy-X-ray microanalysis (FESEM-EDX), focused ion beam (FIB-FESEM-EDX), atomic force microscopy nanoindentation (AFM-NI), and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) has been applied in the analysis of these panel paintings and has provided morphological and compositional data that have led to the identification of the materials and artistic technique as well as the alteration mechanisms due to the natural aging and the adverse conditions of conservation. As a novelty, this study has confirmed the use of indigo as a blue pigment, an unusual material in Hispano-Muslim panel painting. Apart from the notable change in the visual appearance observed in the paintings, the study has also confirmed a change in the mechanical resistance in the paint layers. These changes have been induced by the combination of the chemical and microbiological alteration mechanisms identified.
伊比利亚半岛和巴利阿里群岛的穆斯林文化在中世纪蓬勃发展。在修复一个巴利阿里贵族建筑时（），在背面发现了几个带有彩色装饰的面板。它们是一个古老的穆斯林木制天花板的一部分（）。这项研究应用了多种技术，包括光学显微镜、红外和 μRaman 光谱、场发射扫描电子显微镜- X 射线微分析（FESEM-EDX）、聚焦离子束（FIB-FESEM-EDX）、原子力显微镜纳米压痕（AFM-NI）和气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS），对这些画板进行了分析，提供了形态和组成数据，从而确定了材料和艺术技术，以及由于自然老化和保存条件不利而导致的变质机制。作为一项新颖的研究，本研究证实了靛蓝作为蓝色颜料的使用，这在伊比利亚-穆斯林画板绘画中是一种不常见的材料。除了观察到绘画中明显的视觉外观变化外，研究还证实了油漆层机械阻力的变化。这些变化是由所确定的化学和微生物变质机制的结合引起的。
