Department of Experimental Psychology, Ghent University, Belgium.
Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Acta Psychol (Amst). 2023 Apr;234:103849. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2023.103849. Epub 2023 Feb 9.
Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct that relates to different behaviors in everyday life and has been associated with many psychopathological disorders and behavioral problems, such as problematic gambling behavior. One questionnaire to measure these several facets on a trait level is the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Specifically, the UPPS-P investigates five distinct facets: (a) negative urgency, (b) lack of premeditation, (c) lack of perseverance, (d) sensation seeking, and (e) positive urgency. Negative urgency at a trait level in particular seems to be associated with the development of psychopathological disorders. To date, there are no established state measures of negative urgency. However, it was recently proposed that speeding after losses might be a suitable measure. Thus, in this study, we explored the possible relationship between a state measure of negative urgency modeled through a behavioral gambling task and a trait measure of negative urgency through the UPPS-P questionnaire. We used correlational and network analyses in an aggregated database of eight samples (total N = 1216) to explore the potential relationships between post-loss speeding on the behavioral gambling task and UPPS-P scores (by combining trait vs. item-based analyses). We found that the degree of speeding after losses (post-loss speeding) did not correlate with the trait measure of impulsivity in general and negative urgency specifically, either at the latent trait level or on an item-based level. This null finding indicates that our state measure of post-loss speeding and negative urgency on a trait level does not seem to capture the same underlying constructs. Implications for personality research are discussed.
冲动性是一个多方面的结构，与日常生活中的不同行为有关，并与许多精神病理学障碍和行为问题相关，例如问题性赌博行为。一种用于衡量特质水平上这些不同方面的问卷是 UPPS-P 冲动行为量表。具体来说，UPPS-P 调查了五个不同的方面：（a）负性冲动，（b）缺乏预谋，（c）缺乏毅力，（d）寻求刺激，和（e）正性冲动。特别是特质水平上的负性冲动似乎与精神病理学障碍的发展有关。迄今为止，还没有用于衡量负性冲动的既定状态量表。然而，最近有人提出，在损失后加速可能是一种合适的衡量标准。因此，在这项研究中，我们通过行为赌博任务来模拟状态性负性冲动，并通过 UPPS-P 问卷来衡量特质性负性冲动，从而探索这两者之间可能的关系。我们使用相关分析和网络分析，对 8 个样本（总 N=1216）的综合数据库进行了研究，以探索行为性赌博任务中损失后加速与 UPPS-P 分数之间的潜在关系（通过结合特质和项目分析）。我们发现，损失后的加速程度（损失后加速）与冲动的特质测量一般，特别是负性冲动，无论是在潜在特质水平上还是在项目基础水平上，都没有相关性。这一零发现表明，我们的损失后加速的状态性衡量标准和特质性负性冲动在很大程度上似乎无法捕捉到相同的潜在结构。对人格研究的启示进行了讨论。
