Marszalek-Zenczak Malgorzata, Satyr Anastasiia, Wojciechowski Pawel, Zenczak Michal, Sobieszczanska Paula, Brzezinski Krzysztof, Iefimenko Tetiana, Figlerowicz Marek, Zmienko Agnieszka
Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Institute of Computing Science, Faculty of Computing and Telecommunications, Poznan University of Technology, Poznan, Poland.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jan 26;14:1104303. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1104303. eCollection 2023.
Metabolic gene clusters (MGCs) are groups of genes involved in a common biosynthetic pathway. They are frequently formed in dynamic chromosomal regions, which may lead to intraspecies variation and cause phenotypic diversity. We examined copy number variations (CNVs) in four MGCs in over one thousand accessions with experimental and bioinformatic approaches. Tirucalladienol and marneral gene clusters showed little variation, and the latter was fixed in the population. Thalianol and especially arabidiol/baruol gene clusters displayed substantial diversity. The compact version of the thalianol gene cluster was predominant and more conserved than the noncontiguous version. In the arabidiol/baruol cluster, we found a large genomic insertion containing divergent duplicates of the and genes. The paralog, which we named 2, encoded a novel oxidosqualene synthase. The expression of the entire arabidiol/baruol gene cluster was altered in the accessions with the duplication. Moreover, they presented different root growth dynamics and were associated with warmer climates compared to the reference-like accessions. In the entire genome, paired genes encoding terpene synthases and cytochrome P450 oxidases were more variable than their nonpaired counterparts. Our study highlights the role of dynamically evolving MGCs in plant adaptation and phenotypic diversity.
代谢基因簇（MGCs）是参与共同生物合成途径的基因群体。它们经常在动态染色体区域形成，这可能导致种内变异并引起表型多样性。我们采用实验和生物信息学方法，检测了一千多个种质中四个MGCs的拷贝数变异（CNVs）。羽扇豆醇和绵马酚基因簇变异较小，后者在群体中是固定的。鲨烯醇基因簇，尤其是阿拉伯二醇/巴鲁醇基因簇表现出显著的多样性。鲨烯醇基因簇的紧凑版本占主导地位，并且比非连续版本更保守。在阿拉伯二醇/巴鲁醇基因簇中，我们发现了一个大的基因组插入片段，其中包含 和 基因的不同重复序列。 旁系同源基因，我们将其命名为2，编码一种新型氧化角鲨烯合酶。在具有该重复序列的种质中，整个阿拉伯二醇/巴鲁醇基因簇的表达发生了改变。此外，与类似参考的种质相比，它们呈现出不同的根系生长动态，并且与温暖气候相关。在整个基因组中，编码萜类合酶和细胞色素P450氧化酶的配对基因比非配对基因更具变异性。我们的研究突出了动态进化的MGCs在植物适应和表型多样性中的作用。
