Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Division (SEMPR), University Hospital, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
Department of Pediatrics, Endocrine Division (SEMPR), University Hospital, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.
Endocr Relat Cancer. 2023 Mar 10;30(4). doi: 10.1530/ERC-22-0400. Print 2023 Apr 1.
The association between growth hormone (GH) and carcinogenesis has long been postulated. The rationale for this association is that several components of the GH axis play an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis and have been tested as targets for cancer therapy. Epidemiological and clinical studies have examined the association between height, growth patterns, and insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) levels with the most common types of malignancies, while genome-wide association studies have revealed several height-associated genes linked to cancer and/or metastasis-driving pathways. In this context, a permissive role of the GH-IGF signaling system in the link between height and cancer risk has also been investigated. In animal and human models, genetic defects associated with GH deficiency or resistance are associated with protection from tumor development, while the risk of malignancies in acromegaly or in patients exposed to recombinant GH therapy has long been a matter of concern and scrutiny. In this review, we present a narrative and historical review covering the potential relations among height, growth patterns, GH axis, and cancer.
生长激素（GH）与致癌作用之间的关系一直是推测的。这种关联的基本原理是，GH 轴的几个组成部分在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和血管生成的调节中起着重要作用，并已被测试为癌症治疗的靶点。流行病学和临床研究已经检查了身高、生长模式和胰岛素样生长因子 1（IGF1）水平与最常见类型恶性肿瘤之间的关系，而全基因组关联研究则揭示了与癌症和/或转移驱动途径相关的几种与身高相关的基因。在这种情况下，还研究了 GH-IGF 信号系统在身高与癌症风险之间的联系中的许可作用。在动物和人类模型中，与 GH 缺乏或抵抗相关的遗传缺陷与肿瘤发生的保护有关，而肢端肥大症或接受重组 GH 治疗的患者的恶性肿瘤风险一直是关注和审查的问题。在这篇综述中，我们介绍了一个叙述性和历史性的综述，涵盖了身高、生长模式、GH 轴和癌症之间的潜在关系。
