Boguszewski Cesar Luiz, Boguszewski Margaret Cristina da Silva, Kopchick John J
Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrine Division (SEMPR), Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil.
Endokrynol Pol. 2016;67(4):414-26. doi: 10.5603/EP.a2016.0053. Epub 2016 Jul 8.
The growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system plays an important role in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. In terms of cell cycle regulation, the GH-IGF system induces signalling pathways for cell growth that compete with other signalling systems that result in cell death; thus the final effect of these opposed forces is critical for normal and abnormal cell growth. The association of the GH-IGF system with carcinogenesis has long been hypothesised, mainly based on in vitro studies and the use of a variety of animal models of human cancer, and also on epidemiological and clinical evidence in humans. While ample experimental evidence supports a role of the GH-IGF system in tumour promotion and progression, with several of its components being currently tested as central targets for cancer therapy, the strength of evidence from patients with acromegaly, GH deficiency, or treated with GH is much weaker. In this review, we will attempt to consolidate this data. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (4): 414-426).
生长激素（GH）和胰岛素样生长因子（IGF）系统在细胞增殖、分化、凋亡和血管生成的调节中发挥着重要作用。在细胞周期调控方面，GH-IGF系统诱导细胞生长的信号通路，与导致细胞死亡的其他信号系统相互竞争；因此，这些相反力量的最终作用对于正常和异常细胞生长至关重要。长期以来，人们一直假设GH-IGF系统与致癌作用有关，这主要基于体外研究、各种人类癌症动物模型的应用，以及人类的流行病学和临床证据。虽然大量实验证据支持GH-IGF系统在肿瘤促进和进展中的作用，其多个组成部分目前正作为癌症治疗的核心靶点进行测试，但来自肢端肥大症、GH缺乏症患者或接受GH治疗患者的证据力度要弱得多。在本综述中，我们将尝试整合这些数据。（《波兰内分泌学杂志》2016年；67（4）：414 - 426）
