阿巴拉契亚地区黑人群体的疫苗接种意愿和接种率。
Vaccination intention and uptake within the Black community in Appalachia.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, West Virginia University.
Department of Counseling and Learning Services, West Virginia University.
出版信息
Health Psychol. 2023 Aug;42(8):557-566. doi: 10.1037/hea0001264. Epub 2023 Feb 13.
OBJECTIVE
Black communities have disproportionately experienced adverse health effects from the COVID-19 pandemic while simultaneously having less vaccination access and decreased vaccine utilization. As such, predictors of vaccination uptake within Black communities are a public health imperative. Black Americans from socio-geographic regions associated with health inequities (e.g., Appalachia), including vaccination disparities, represent an intersection of racial, economic, and ethnic social identities. To better understand the preventive health needs of Black communities in Appalachia and elsewhere, this study examined psychosocial predictors of vaccination intention or behavior.
METHOD
Adults ( = 336) identifying as Black or African American from West Virginia indicated demographics, reported COVID-19 vaccination intention, flu vaccination uptake, and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination uptake, and completed assessments of vaccine hesitancy, medical mistrust, and racial discrimination. Hierarchical logistic regression modeling examined potential associations between psychosocial predictors and each vaccine type.
RESULTS
Results showed variation in significant predictors across the vaccines of focus. Racial discrimination ( = 0.64) and medical mistrust ( = 0.93) were negatively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention. Vaccine confidence was positively associated with COVID-19 vaccination intention ( = 2.17) and HPV vaccination uptake ( = 1.77). Total household income was the only predictor associated with flu vaccination uptake ( = 1.12).
CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that social interventions targeting racial discrimination in healthcare may significantly help address vaccination disparities in rural Black communities. Moreover, results emphasize unique aspects of vaccination behavior in the Black community within Appalachia that may generalize to other Black communities living in rural regions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
目的
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，黑人社区遭受了不成比例的健康影响，而他们获得疫苗的机会较少，疫苗利用率也较低。因此，预测黑人社区的疫苗接种率是公共卫生的当务之急。来自与健康不平等相关的社会地理区域（例如阿巴拉契亚地区）的美国黑人，包括疫苗差异，代表了种族、经济和族裔社会认同的交叉点。为了更好地了解阿巴拉契亚地区和其他地区黑人社区的预防保健需求，本研究调查了疫苗接种意向或行为的心理社会预测因素。
方法
来自西弗吉尼亚州的自认为是黑人或非裔美国人的成年人（n=336）表示人口统计学特征，报告了 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向、流感疫苗接种率和人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）疫苗接种率，并完成了疫苗犹豫、医疗不信任和种族歧视的评估。分层逻辑回归模型检验了心理社会预测因素与每种疫苗类型之间的潜在关联。
结果
结果表明，关注的疫苗类型之间存在显著预测因素的差异。种族歧视（β=0.64）和医疗不信任（β=0.93）与 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向呈负相关。疫苗信心与 COVID-19 疫苗接种意向（β=2.17）和 HPV 疫苗接种率（β=1.77）呈正相关。家庭总收入是唯一与流感疫苗接种率相关的预测因素（β=1.12）。
结论
这些发现表明，针对医疗保健中的种族歧视的社会干预措施可能会极大地帮助解决农村黑人社区的疫苗接种差异。此外，结果强调了阿巴拉契亚地区黑人社区中疫苗接种行为的独特方面，这些方面可能推广到其他居住在农村地区的黑人社区。
Zotero 插件