College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, PR China.
Shanxi Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd., Taiyuan, 030000, PR China.
Chemosphere. 2023 Apr;321:138127. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.138127. Epub 2023 Feb 11.
Titanium gypsum and biochar are considered effective amendments for mitigating soil salinity stress. However, the knowledge is inadequate regarding their efficiency and application as an improvement. In this study, TG-B composite was prepared by using industrial by-products titanium gypsum and biochar as raw materials and then modified by ball milling method, to characterize its microscopic characteristics and explore the improvement effect on saline-alkali soil and plant growth. Besides, we explored the mechanism of TG-B in improving saline-alkali soil and the dynamic balance of the solution reaction process. Our results showed that the CaSO·2HO particles in TG-B were finer, dispersed evenly, and contacted fully with soil gelatinous particles, which was more conducive to the improvement of saline-alkali soil. The results of TG-B with different ball milling ratios and different materials dosages indicated that the application rate of TG-B was 5%, and the optimum ratio of TG-B was TG: B (mass ratio) = 10:1, with the best soil improvement effect. The pot experiment proved that the indicators of indicating soil salinity such as pH, EC, SAR, and soluble Na decreased by 20.74%, 77.24%, 68.77%, and 44.70%, respectively, thus playing a good role in improving saline-alkali soil. In addition, pot experiments demonstrated that compared with the control group, the soil porosity and soil moisture content in the TG-B group increased by 15.95% and 38.71%, respectively, and further improve the structure and diversity of soil bacterial community when compared with titanium gypsum and biochar alone. Finally, the application of TG-B promoted the germination and growth of rice significantly through the synergistic effects of composite material components. These results all suggested that the application of TG-B was an effective strategy to improve soil salinity and promote plant growth. Therefore, it might provide new insights into the utilization of solid waste resources to improve saline-alkali lands.
钛石膏和生物炭被认为是缓解土壤盐胁迫的有效改良剂。然而，关于它们的效率和应用作为改良剂的知识还不够充分。在这项研究中，以工业副产品钛石膏和生物炭为原料，采用球磨法制备 TG-B 复合材料，对其微观特征进行了表征，并探讨了其对盐碱土和植物生长的改良效果。此外，还探讨了 TG-B 改良盐碱土的作用机制及溶液反应过程的动态平衡。结果表明，TG-B 中的 CaSO·2HO 颗粒更细、分散均匀，与土壤胶质颗粒充分接触，更有利于盐碱土的改良。不同球磨比和不同材料用量的 TG-B 结果表明，TG-B 的施用量为 5%，TG-B 的最佳球磨比为 TG:B（质量比）=10:1，具有最佳的土壤改良效果。盆栽试验证明，pH、EC、SAR 和可溶性 Na 等指示土壤盐度的指标分别降低了 20.74%、77.24%、68.77%和 44.70%，对盐碱土有较好的改良作用。此外，盆栽试验表明，与对照组相比，TG-B 组的土壤孔隙度和土壤含水量分别增加了 15.95%和 38.71%，与钛石膏和生物炭单独使用相比，进一步改善了土壤细菌群落的结构和多样性。最后，TG-B 的应用通过复合材料成分的协同作用显著促进了水稻的萌发和生长。这些结果均表明，TG-B 的应用是改良土壤盐度和促进植物生长的有效策略。因此，为利用固体废弃物资源改良盐碱地提供了新的思路。
