Bearson Shawn M D, Trachsel Julian M, Bearson Bradley L, Loving Crystal L, Kerr Brian J, Shippy Daniel C, Kiros Tadele G
Food Safety and Enteric Pathogens Research Unit, USDA, ARS, National Animal Disease Center, 1920 Dayton Ave, Room 1403, Ames, IA, 50010, USA.
Agricultural Research Service Participation Program, Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA.
Porcine Health Manag. 2023 Feb 14;9(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s40813-023-00302-4.
The 2017 Veterinary Feed Directive eliminated the use of medically important antibiotics for growth promotion of food animals; thus, alternative growth promoters are highly desirable by food animal producers to enhance animal health and reduce pathogen colonization, including the human foodborne pathogen Salmonella. β(1-3)(1-6)-D-glucan (β-glucan) is a soluble fiber with prebiotic characteristics; it has been shown to modulate immune and intestinal functions that strengthen swine resistance to health challenges such as bacterial infections when supplemented in the diets of growing pigs. The current study evaluated the effects of a β-glucan product on gut microbial community structure as well as Salmonella shedding and intestinal colonization.
Five-week-old pigs were fed a β-glucan amended diet at 500 g/ton (n = 13) or a non-amended control diet (n = 14) for three weeks, followed by inoculation of the 27 pigs with 1 × 10 colony forming units of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain UK1. While remaining on the respective diets, fecal samples collected at 2, 4, 7, and 16 days post-inoculation (dpi) were similar for Salmonella shedding counts between the two diets. At 16 dpi, Salmonella counts were significantly lower in the cecal contents of the β-glucan-fed pigs (P = 0.0339) and a trend towards a reduction was observed in the Peyer's patches region of the ileum (P = 0.0790) compared to the control pigs. Pigs fed β-glucan for three weeks exhibited an increase in members of the Clostridia class in their fecal microbial communities, and after inoculation with Salmonella, several potentially beneficial microorganisms were enriched in the microbiota of β-glucan-fed pigs (Lactobacillus, Ruminococcaceae, Prevotellaceae, Veillonellaceae, Bifidobacterium and Olsenella).
Administration of β-glucan altered the swine gut microbiome and reduced Salmonella colonization in the cecal contents.
2017年《兽医饲料指令》禁止在食用动物生长促进过程中使用具有重要医学意义的抗生素；因此，食用动物生产者迫切需要替代生长促进剂来增强动物健康并减少病原体定植，包括人类食源性病原体沙门氏菌。β(1-3)(1-6)-D-葡聚糖（β-葡聚糖）是一种具有益生元特性的可溶性纤维；在生长猪日粮中添加时，已证明它能调节免疫和肠道功能，增强猪对细菌感染等健康挑战的抵抗力。本研究评估了一种β-葡聚糖产品对肠道微生物群落结构以及沙门氏菌排泄和肠道定植的影响。
给5周龄的猪饲喂添加了500克/吨β-葡聚糖的日粮（n = 13）或未添加的对照日粮（n = 14），持续三周，随后给这27头猪接种1×10个肠炎沙门氏菌鼠伤寒血清型UK1菌株的菌落形成单位。在继续食用各自日粮的同时，在接种后第2、4、7和16天收集的粪便样本显示，两种日粮之间的沙门氏菌排泄量相似。在接种后第16天，与对照猪相比，饲喂β-葡聚糖的猪盲肠内容物中的沙门氏菌数量显著降低（P = 0.0339），并且在回肠派尔集合淋巴结区域观察到有减少的趋势（P = 0.0790）。饲喂β-葡聚糖三周的猪粪便微生物群落中梭菌纲成员有所增加，接种沙门氏菌后，饲喂β-葡聚糖的猪的微生物群中富集了几种潜在有益微生物（乳酸杆菌属、瘤胃球菌科、普雷沃氏菌科、韦荣氏菌科、双歧杆菌属和奥尔森氏菌属）。
β-葡聚糖的施用改变了猪的肠道微生物群，并减少了盲肠内容物中沙门氏菌的定植。
