亚临床抑郁患者的主观认知障碍及其临床相关性的性别差异。
Sex differences in subjective cognitive impairment and clinical correlates in Chinese patients with subthreshold depression.
机构信息
Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 South Wanping Road, Shanghai, 200030, China.
Institute of Mental Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.
出版信息
Biol Sex Differ. 2023 Feb 13;14(1):6. doi: 10.1186/s13293-023-00488-w.
OBJECTIVE
Subthreshold depression (SD) is a global mental health problem given its high prevalence, comorbidity, functional impairment, and its association with increased service utilization. However, currently little is known about sex differences of SD in cognitive impairment with clinical correlates. This study aims to explore sex differences in subjective cognitive impairment and clinically associated risk factors in Chinese patients with subthreshold depression (SD).
METHODS
A total of 126 patients with SD, 40 males and 86 females, aged 18-45 years, were included in this cross-sectional observational study. Their general information, psychological assessments, and psychiatric symptom assessments were collected online. The Patient Health Questionnaire depression-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Perceived Deficits Questionnaire-Depression (PDQ-D), and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) with 3 subdomains were used. The obtained scores were analyzed with partial correlation and multiple linear regression analysis models.
RESULTS
Our results showed that females had significantly higher PDQ-D-20 total score than males. However, the differences in TAS-20 and subdomain score according to sex were not significant. Notably, TAS-20 and DDF (difficulty describing feelings) subdomain contributed to cognitive impairment in males, whereas both PHQ-9 total score and TAS-20 or DDF subdomain contributed to cognitive impairment in females.
CONCLUSION
These findings revealed significant sex differences in cognitive impairment and clinical correlates in SD, which should be further followed-up in the future.
目的
阈下抑郁（SD）的患病率、共病率、功能损害高，与服务利用增加有关，因此是一个全球性的心理健康问题。然而，目前对于 SD 与认知障碍的临床相关因素之间的性别差异知之甚少。本研究旨在探讨中国阈下抑郁（SD）患者主观认知障碍及临床相关危险因素的性别差异。
方法
本横断面观察性研究共纳入 126 例 SD 患者，男 40 例，女 86 例，年龄 18-45 岁，在线收集其一般信息、心理评估和精神症状评估。采用患者健康问卷抑郁量表-9（PHQ-9）、广泛性焦虑障碍量表-7（GAD-7）、知觉缺陷问卷-抑郁（PDQ-D）和多伦多述情障碍量表（TAS-20）的 3 个亚量表。使用偏相关和多元线性回归分析模型对获得的评分进行分析。
结果
我们的结果表明，女性 PDQ-D-20 总分显著高于男性。然而，根据性别，TAS-20 和亚量表评分的差异并不显著。值得注意的是，TAS-20 和 DDF（难以描述感受）亚量表对男性认知障碍有影响，而 PHQ-9 总分和 TAS-20 或 DDF 亚量表均对女性认知障碍有影响。
结论
这些发现揭示了 SD 中认知障碍和临床相关因素存在显著的性别差异，未来应进一步随访。
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