自我报告的饮食失调中的跨诊断恐惧和回避行为。
Transdiagnostic fears and avoidance behaviors in self-reported eating disorders.
作者信息
Melles Hanna, Jansen Anita
机构信息
Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
出版信息
J Eat Disord. 2023 Feb 13;11(1):19. doi: 10.1186/s40337-023-00745-8.
BACKGROUND
Fears and avoidance behaviors are common symptoms of eating disorders. It was investigated whether different eating disorder diagnoses are equally characterized by similar fears and avoidance behaviors.
METHODS
Individuals with self-reported eating disorders (n = 250) and healthy controls (n = 95) completed online questionnaires assessing general fears, eating related fears, and avoidance behaviors.
RESULTS
All self-reported eating disorder diagnoses showed more eating related fears, general fears, and avoidance behaviors than healthy controls. Individuals with binge eating disorder showed less specific and general fears on some but by no means all scales, yet they showed less food avoidance behaviors than all other eating disorders and less eating restraint than anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
CONCLUSIONS
Eating related fears, general fears, and food avoidance behaviors were found to be transdiagnostic symptoms in self-reported eating disorders. Individuals with binge eating disorder also exhibit more fears and avoidance behaviors than healthy controls, but to a lesser extent than the other eating disorders. Specialized interventions targeting fears and avoidance may be promising add-on interventions not only in the treatment of anorexia nervosa, but in the treatment of all eating disorders.
背景
恐惧和回避行为是饮食失调的常见症状。本研究调查了不同的饮食失调诊断是否同样具有相似的恐惧和回避行为特征。
方法
自我报告患有饮食失调症的个体（n = 250）和健康对照者（n = 95）完成了在线问卷，评估一般恐惧、饮食相关恐惧和回避行为。
结果
所有自我报告的饮食失调诊断均显示出比健康对照者更多的饮食相关恐惧、一般恐惧和回避行为。暴食症个体在某些但绝非所有量表上表现出较少的特定和一般恐惧，但他们表现出的食物回避行为比所有其他饮食失调症少，且饮食节制比神经性厌食症和神经性贪食症少。
结论
在自我报告的饮食失调症中，饮食相关恐惧、一般恐惧和食物回避行为是跨诊断症状。暴食症个体也比健康对照者表现出更多的恐惧和回避行为，但程度低于其他饮食失调症。针对恐惧和回避的专门干预措施可能不仅在神经性厌食症的治疗中，而且在所有饮食失调症的治疗中都是有前景的附加干预措施。
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