Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
Department of Neurology, North Estonia Medical Centre, Tallinn, Estonia.
Brain Behav. 2023 Mar;13(3):e2908. doi: 10.1002/brb3.2908. Epub 2023 Feb 14.
Behavioral risk factors are common among young patients with stroke. This study aimed to compare the health behavior of patients and healthy controls and develop a combined risk score of health behavior.
The health behavior of patients aged 18-54 years who suffered an ischemic stroke from 2013 to 2020 in Estonia was compared to the Health Behavior among Estonian Adult Population 2014 study sample. We chose five risk factors for comparison: smoking status, body mass index, physical exercise, diet (salt use and vegetable consumption), alcohol intake (quantity and frequency), and composed a summary score.
Comparing 342 patients and 1789 controls, daily smoking (49.0% vs. 22.7%), obesity (33.4% vs. 15.9%), low physical activity (< twice/week) (72.2% vs. 60.5%), excessive salt use (8.6% vs. 4.5%), and frequent alcohol use (≥ weekly) (39.9% vs. 34.0%) were more prevalent among patients. The differences in infrequent vegetable consumption (<6 days/week) and excessive alcohol consumption (7 days, >8 units/females, >16 units/males) were not significant. The observed differences were similar for age groups 18-44 years and 45-54 years. The average Health Behavior Stroke Risk Score (0-10) was 4.6 points (CI 4.4-4.8, SD ± 1.97) for patients and 3.5 points (CI 3.4-3.6, SD ± 1.90) for controls.
Before stroke, young patients displayed significantly worse health behavior than the general population. The largest differences were found for smoking and obesity, and a cumulation of risk factors was observed via the HBSR score.
行为风险因素在年轻的脑卒中患者中较为常见。本研究旨在比较患者和健康对照者的健康行为，并制定健康行为综合风险评分。
比较了 2013 年至 2020 年爱沙尼亚年龄在 18-54 岁之间因缺血性脑卒中住院的患者与 2014 年爱沙尼亚成年人健康行为研究样本的健康行为。我们选择了五个风险因素进行比较：吸烟状况、体重指数、身体活动、饮食（用盐量和蔬菜摄入量）、饮酒量（数量和频率），并组成一个综合评分。
将 342 名患者与 1789 名对照者比较，患者中更常见的是每日吸烟（49.0% 比 22.7%）、肥胖（33.4% 比 15.9%）、低体力活动（<每周两次）（72.2% 比 60.5%）、过度用盐（8.6% 比 4.5%）和频繁饮酒（每周≥一次）（39.9% 比 34.0%）。不规律食用蔬菜（每周<6 天）和过度饮酒（7 天，女性>8 单位，男性>16 单位）的差异不显著。在 18-44 岁和 45-54 岁年龄组中观察到的差异相似。患者的平均健康行为脑卒中风险评分（0-10）为 4.6 分（CI 4.4-4.8，SD ± 1.97），对照组为 3.5 分（CI 3.4-3.6，SD ± 1.90）。
在发生脑卒中之前，年轻患者的健康行为明显差于一般人群。吸烟和肥胖的差异最大，并通过 HBSR 评分观察到风险因素的累积。
