Shukla Meenakshi, Lau Jennifer Y F, Pandey Rakesh
Department of Psychology, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
Department of Psychology, University of Allahabad, 211002 Prayagraj, India.
Curr Psychol. 2023 Feb 10:1-9. doi: 10.1007/s12144-023-04337-2.
Emotional dampening (blunted responses to affective stimuli or experiences) has been reported in individuals with clinical and subclinical levels of elevated blood pressure (BP). Our aim in the present study was to explore how the basic motivational systems of approach and avoidance to positively- and negatively-valenced stimuli are affected in elevated BP. High BP (n = 27) and Low BP (n = 29) participants completed an approach-avoidance task. In this task, participants pulled the joystick towards them when viewing a happy face (approach) and pushing it away when viewing an angry face (avoid) in the congruent condition, and reversed these action-to-emotion pairings in the incongruent condition. A mixed-design ANOVA revealed a significant main effect of condition, such that overall participants were faster across trials in the congruent than trials of the incongruent condition. There was also an emotion x BP interaction. Among the Low BP group, there were no RT differences to happy and angry expressions (across congruent and incongruent conditions) but those with High BP were quicker to respond to actions paired with angry than happy facial expressions (across conditions). Findings suggest that valence-specific motivational reactions are not dampened with an increase in BP, and are rather sensitized for the negative emotion of anger.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12144-023-04337-2.
有研究报道，血压临床及亚临床升高的个体存在情绪抑制（对情感刺激或经历反应迟钝）现象。我们在本研究中的目的是探讨血压升高时，对正性和负性价态刺激的趋近和回避这两种基本动机系统是如何受到影响的。高血压组（n = 27）和低血压组（n = 29）的参与者完成了一项趋近-回避任务。在该任务中，参与者在一致条件下看到笑脸时将操纵杆拉向自己（趋近），看到怒脸时将操纵杆推开（回避），而在不一致条件下则颠倒这些动作与情绪的配对。混合设计方差分析显示条件存在显著主效应，即总体而言，参与者在一致条件下的各次试验中比在不一致条件下的试验速度更快。还存在情绪×血压的交互作用。在低血压组中，对开心和愤怒表情的反应时间没有差异（在一致和不一致条件下），但高血压组的参与者对与愤怒表情配对的动作的反应比对开心表情的反应更快（在所有条件下）。研究结果表明，价态特异性动机反应不会随着血压升高而受到抑制，反而对愤怒的负面情绪更为敏感。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12144-023-04337-2获取的补充材料。
