Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brasil.
Secretaria de Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação de Pernambuco, Distrito Estadual de Fernando de Noronha, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2023 Feb 10;39(1):e00075722. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN075722. eCollection 2023.
This study aimed to describe the characteristics of elderly people abuse notifications by gender and to assess notification patterns according to gender. We analyzed data from the Brazilian Information System for Notificable Diseases (SINAN) in 2017. We carried out a descriptive analysis of victim characteristics, violence, and the probable perpetrator according to gender. Pearson's χ2 test was used to assess the significance between groups. Then, we verified the main relationships between the studied characteristics and the victim's gender by simple correspondence analysis (SCA). Thus, 17,311 cases/suspicions of elderly people abuse were notified, corresponding to 7.2% of the total number of violence notifications. Of these victims, 50.4% were white, 42.3% were married, and 17.2% had a disability/disorder; 76.9% occurred at home, 62.8% included physical violence, and 49.5% were cases of repeated violence. Most perpetrators were men (62%), and violence by two or more perpetrators was observed in 62.8% of the cases. SCA evidenced inequalities in older adults' gender, which proved to be higher among women. Physical violence was the most common among younger and old individuals, whereas neglect/abandonment tended to occur more frequently among the oldest individuals, and was most often committed by daughters. In sum, this study demonstrated evidence of gender-based violence, especially among older adults. Disability proved to be an essential characteristic for neglect/abandonment in older adults. In this context, policies are needed to reduce gender inequalities and implement a care network for older adults who are victims of violence.
本研究旨在描述老年人虐待通知的性别特征，并根据性别评估通知模式。我们分析了 2017 年巴西传染病信息系统（SINAN）的数据。我们根据性别对受害者特征、暴力和可能的施害者进行了描述性分析。使用 Pearson χ2 检验评估组间的显著性。然后，我们通过简单对应分析（SCA）验证了所研究特征与受害者性别之间的主要关系。因此，共通报了 17,311 例/疑似老年人虐待案件，占暴力通报总数的 7.2%。在这些受害者中，50.4%是白人，42.3%已婚，17.2%有残疾/障碍；76.9%发生在家里，62.8%包括身体暴力，49.5%是重复暴力案件。大多数施害者是男性（62%），62.8%的案件涉及两名或多名施害者。SCA 证明了老年人性别不平等，女性的不平等程度更高。年轻人和老年人中最常见的是身体暴力，而忽视/遗弃往往在最年长的人中更为常见，而且最常见的是女儿所为。总之，这项研究证明了存在基于性别的暴力行为，尤其是在老年人中。残疾被证明是老年人忽视/遗弃的一个重要特征。在这种情况下，需要制定政策来减少性别不平等，并为遭受暴力的老年人建立一个关爱网络。
