Siew Savannah Kiah Hui, Yu Junhong, Kua Ee Heok, Mahendran Rathi
Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Psychology, School of Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
Asian J Psychiatr. 2023 Apr;82:103503. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2023.103503. Epub 2023 Feb 3.
Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) is an at-risk stage for dementia and accurate prevalence studies are lacking in Singapore. From the literature, it is evident that psychosocial factors increase the risk of conversion to dementia. In this study, we sought to establish the prevalence of MCI in Singapore and study the associated psychosocial factors using latent profile analysis.
902 community-dwelling older adults, aged between 60 and 99 years old (Mage = 70.48 years), were recruited as part of the Community Health and Intergenerational Study (CHI). They completed neurocognitive assessments and questionnaires on depression and anxiety symptoms, quality of life, social support, satisfaction with life, and social connectivity. Petersen's criteria was used to diagnose MCI. Within the MCI sample, 166 subjects' psychosocial scores were entered into a latent profile analysis to identify profiles of psychosocial functioning.
The prevalence of MCI in our sample was 21.5%. They had significantly lower years of education and perceived social support and higher depressive symptoms than the normal ageing group. Three distinct profiles emerged within the MCI group corresponding to a positive (45.2%), neutral (38.5%), and negative (16.3%) pattern of psychosocial scores. These profiles did not differ significantly in terms of demographic or cognitive variables.
The three psychosocial profiles might reflect the differing implications of MCI on a person's well-being and the negative psychosocial profile might likely be most at risk of conversion to dementia. Future longitudinal studies are required to confirm these implications.
轻度认知障碍（MCI）是痴呆症的风险阶段，而新加坡缺乏准确的患病率研究。从文献中可以明显看出，社会心理因素会增加转化为痴呆症的风险。在本研究中，我们试图确定新加坡MCI的患病率，并使用潜在剖面分析研究相关的社会心理因素。
作为社区健康与代际研究（CHI）的一部分，招募了902名年龄在60至99岁之间（平均年龄=70.48岁）的社区居住老年人。他们完成了神经认知评估以及关于抑郁和焦虑症状、生活质量、社会支持、生活满意度和社会联系的问卷调查。采用彼得森标准诊断MCI。在MCI样本中，将166名受试者的社会心理得分纳入潜在剖面分析，以确定社会心理功能的剖面。
我们样本中MCI的患病率为21.5%。与正常衰老组相比，他们的受教育年限和感知到的社会支持显著更低，抑郁症状更严重。MCI组中出现了三种不同的剖面类型，分别对应社会心理得分的积极（45.2%）、中性（38.5%）和消极（16.3%）模式。这些剖面类型在人口统计学或认知变量方面没有显著差异。
这三种社会心理剖面类型可能反映了MCI对一个人幸福感的不同影响，而消极的社会心理剖面类型可能最有可能转化为痴呆症。需要未来的纵向研究来证实这些影响。
