Zheng Lu, Liu Yuechong, Zhang Yanmei, Xu Bingying, Sagada Gladstone, Wang Zhixuan, Chen Cong, Lang Xiandong, Zhang Jiaonan, Shao Qingjun
Aqua-feed and Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Shandong NHU Amino Acid Co., Ltd, Weifang, China.
Front Physiol. 2023 Jan 30;14:1067354. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1067354. eCollection 2023.
An 8-week feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of L-methionine and methionine hydroxy analogue calcium (MHA-Ca) supplements in low-fishmeal diet on growth performance, hepatopancreas morphology, protein metabolism, anti-oxidative capacity, and immunity of Pacific white shrimp ( ). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were designed: PC (203.3 g/kg fishmeal), NC (100 g/kg fishmeal), MET (100 g/kg fishmeal +3 g/kg L-methionine) and MHA-Ca (100 g/kg fishmeal +3 g/kg MHA-Ca). White shrimp (initial body weight 0.23 ± 0.00 g, 50 shrimp per tank) were allocated to 12 tanks and divided among 4 treatments in triplicates. In response to L-methionine and MHA-Ca supplementations, the shrimp exhibited higher weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), condition factor (CF), and lower hepatosomatic index (HSI) compared to those fed the NC diet ( < 0.05). The WGR and SGR of shrimp fed L-methionine and MHA-Ca showed no difference with those in the PC diet ( > 0.05). Both of L-methionine and MHA-Ca supplementary diets significantly decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels of shrimp when compared with the NC diet ( < 0.05). L-methionine supplementation improved the lysozyme (LZM) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) of shrimp, while the MHA-Ca addition elevated the reduced glutathione (GSH) levels in comparison with those fed the NC diet ( < 0.05). Hypertrophied blister cells in hepatocytes were observed in shrimp fed the NC diet, and alleviated with L-methionine and MHA-Ca supplementations. Shrimp fed the MET and MHA-Ca diets had higher mRNA expression levels of target of rapamycin () than those fed the NC diet ( < 0.05). Compared to the NC group, dietary MHA-Ca supplementation upregulated the expression level of cysteine dioxygenase () ( < 0.05), while L-methionine supplementation had no significant impact ( > 0.05). The expression levels of superoxide dismutase () and glutathione peroxidase () were significantly upregulated by L-methionine supplemented diet in comparison with those in the NC group ( < 0.05). Overall, the addition of both L-methionine and MHA-Ca elevated the growth performance, facilitated protein synthesis, and ameliorated hepatopancreatic damage induced by plant-protein enriched diet in . L-methionine and MHA-Ca supplements enhanced anti-oxidants differently.
进行了一项为期8周的饲养试验，以评估在低鱼粉饲料中添加L-蛋氨酸和蛋氨酸羟基类似物钙（MHA-Ca）对凡纳滨对虾生长性能、肝胰腺形态、蛋白质代谢、抗氧化能力和免疫力的影响。设计了四种等氮等能量的饲料：PC（203.3 g/kg鱼粉）、NC（100 g/kg鱼粉）、MET（100 g/kg鱼粉 + 3 g/kg L-蛋氨酸）和MHA-Ca（100 g/kg鱼粉 + 3 g/kg MHA-Ca）。将凡纳滨对虾（初始体重0.23±0.00 g，每缸50尾虾）分配到12个缸中，分为4个处理组，每组3个重复。与饲喂NC饲料的对虾相比，添加L-蛋氨酸和MHA-Ca后，对虾的增重率（WGR）、特定生长率（SGR）、肥满度（CF）更高，肝体指数（HSI）更低（P<0.05）。饲喂L-蛋氨酸和MHA-Ca的对虾的WGR和SGR与饲喂PC饲料的对虾无差异（P>0.05）。与NC饲料相比，L-蛋氨酸和MHA-Ca补充饲料均显著降低了对虾的丙二醛（MDA）水平（P<0.05）。添加L-蛋氨酸提高了对虾的溶菌酶（LZM）活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC），而添加MHA-Ca提高了对虾的还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平，与饲喂NC饲料的对虾相比有差异（P<0.05）。在饲喂NC饲料的对虾中观察到肝细胞肥大性水泡细胞，添加L-蛋氨酸和MHA-Ca后有所缓解。饲喂MET和MHA-Ca饲料的对虾的雷帕霉素靶蛋白（mTOR）mRNA表达水平高于饲喂NC饲料的对虾（P<0.05）。与NC组相比，饲料中添加MHA-Ca上调了半胱氨酸双加氧酶（CDO）的表达水平（P<0.05），而添加L-蛋氨酸无显著影响（P>0.05）。与NC组相比，添加L-蛋氨酸的饲料显著上调了超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）的表达水平（P<0.05）。总体而言，添加L-蛋氨酸和MHA-Ca均提高了凡纳滨对虾的生长性能，促进了蛋白质合成，并改善了由富含植物蛋白的饲料诱导的肝胰腺损伤。L-蛋氨酸和MHA-Ca补充剂对抗氧化剂的增强作用有所不同。
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